It is widely agreed that the spectre of growing communalism is the most important issue facing India today. In the battle for the soul of Indian nationalism three positions have been staked out. Firstly, there are those who insist that Indian nationalism must rest on cultural and psychological foundations of an impeccably Hindu provenance, though the ecumenical character of Hinduism licenses pr...

Not needed

one of the major categories of the iranian constitutional revolution is modernists (motajadedin) who are referred to variously as “adaptionists”, “apologists”, “syncretists” and “revisionists”. motajadedin are devout and knowledgeable iranians whose mission is threefold: first, to define iranian identity by bringing out of the fundamentals in rational and liberal manner; second, to emphasize, a...

Secularism seems to require separation between religion and State. Regarding India, it would be better to speak of ‘equidistance’ between State and religious denominations. Nonetheless a ‘balanced treatment’ towards the religions leaves the question open as to what form that equidistance should take. This is the reason of some contradictions in today’s Indian social and political life. It is li...

This paper first analyzes the use of metafiction in Salman Rushdie’s Midnight's Children; and explains how this narrative technique is connected to novel’s identity politics. Even though several Rushdie critics have justifiably praised work for its inclusive politics based on hybridity, discusses limits Rushdie's Children, argues that secularist nationalism Jose Casanova's sense defines his met...