Ghazzali has defined happiness in his works differently. In his system of thought, the concept of perfection has been taken to be closely related to happiness. It is the very agent leading us to the understanding of his definition of happiness. Ghazzali has divided perfection, firstly, into essential and accidental and, secondly, into true and imaginary. For him, real perfection is the same as ...

  Theological thoughts can be surely traced in Muslim’s historiography. Three Shi‘ite historical works including al-Irshad By Sheikh Tusi, A‘alam al-Vara by Tabarsi and Kashf al-ghomma by Irbali have been brought into consideration in a case study method and consequently, it has been concluded that the works are made up of a mixture of theological trends and historiographical methods. When co...

The holy Qurān is the revealed book of Muslims. In addition, it is a literary and artistic text which contains all features of an artistic work both in form and content. On the other hand, since Mysticism may be regarded as an aesthetic view to religion and scriptures, in the evolutionary process of interpretation, some commentators have interpreted the Qurān in regard to these two characterist...