We have demonstrated displacement- and frequency-noise-free laser interferometry (DFI) by partially implementing a recently proposed optical configuration using bidirectional Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). This partial implementation, the minimum necessary to be called DFI, has confirmed the essential feature of DFI: the combination of two MZI signals can be carried out in a way that canc...

We introduce a deterministic chaotic system-the Szilard map-that encapsulates the measurement, control, and erasure protocol by which Maxwellian demons extract work from a heat reservoir. Implementing the demon's control function in a dynamical embodiment, our construction symmetrizes the demon and the thermodynamic system, allowing one to explore their functionality and recover the fundamental...

We consider the decelerating shock instability of Vishniac for a finite layer of constant density. This serves both to clarify which aspects of the Vishniac instability mechanism depend on compressible effects away from the shock front and also to incorporate additional effects of finite layer thickness. This work has implications for experiments attempting to reproduce the essential physics of...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Intestinal failure (IF) is not included in the list of PubMed Mesh terms, as failure is the term describing a state of non functioning of other organs, and as such is not well recognized. No scientific society has yet devised a formal definition and classification of IF. The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism guideline committee endorsed its "home artificia...

The aim of this research is the critical analysis of the social representation of schistosomiasis in an endemic area in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The results are presented in three papers in order to allow for an in-depth explanation of the interrelationship and conditionings related to the ways in which the population perceive schistosomiasis. This paper approaches the representatio...

Selection of an appropriate sample size is one of the most important aspects of any quality inspection. Th e right sample size enables making valid conclusions about the quality of the product with minimum necessary resources. Th e choice of sample size and the probability of Type II error (ß) are closely connected. Th e purpose of this paper is to examine how usage of a statistical power analy...

We introduce a deterministic chaotic system—the Szilard Map—that encapsulates the measurement, control, and erasure protocol by which Maxwellian Demons extract work from a heat reservoir. Implementing the Demon’s control function in a dynamical embodiment, our construction symmetrizes Demon and thermodynamic system, allowing one to explore their functionality and recover the fundamental trade-o...

This article provides a brief introduction to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) Privacy Rule's minimum necessary standard, which applies to sharing of genomic data, particularly clinical data, following 2013 Privacy Rule revisions. This research used the Thomson Reuters Westlaw database and law library resources in its legal analysis of the HIPAA privacy ti...