Childcare in infancy has been proven to significantly reduce the incidence of mental disorders in childhood. Nursery educators must therefore be prepared to keep up with the psychic development of children under their care. The IRDI (Clinical Risk Indicators for Child Development) is a psychoanalytically-based instrument able to point out developmental problems in children from 0-18 months. Thi...

The COVID 19situations became a worldwide health issue at the very beginning of year 2020 and has formed public emergency global concern. Thus online schooling gained popularity itspractice increased amazingly. coronavirus situation not only made education more crucial urgent, but also gave scope fora thorough discussion on subject. purpose this study is to knowwhich one effective between offli...

in the macro education plan for iran (2010-2025), twelve years of schooling has been characterized as “general” education. such a characterization is prone to certain misconceptions. general education does not equal “uniform,” or standardized, education and should refrain from identifying as such. yet it is misinterpreted that there is a relationship between offering a general type of education...

Background: Prostate cancer screening is more commonly utilized by highly educated people. As shown by marginalization-related diminished returns (MDRs), the effects of socioeconomic status (SES) such as education on the health outcomes are considerably smaller for ethnic minorities than for Whites. The role of MDRs as a source of ethnic health disparities is, however, still un...

The growth effects of schooling are often assumed to be exaggerated because of feedback effects from growth to schooling. This paper investigates the nexus between productivity growth and schooling at different levels using a sample of 19 OECD countries over the period 1870 to 2006. The empirical estimates show 1) that schooling is independent of expected growth and most other variables that ar...

A strong positive relation between parents' schooling and child's schooling does not necessarily re ect a causal relation. The recent empirical literature has used di erent approaches to identify intergenerational schooling e ects and produces contradictory ndings. This paper uses a new approach to investigate the e ect of parents' schooling on child's schooling: a nonparametric bounds analysis...

Numerous theoretical reasons have been posited about why more schooling might improve health. Adult health outcomes and behaviors generally are significantly associated with schooling. However, such associations do not necessarily imply that schooling has causal effects on health outcomes and behaviors. Causal estimates based on schooling variation from policies and from within-MZ (monozygotic)...

We estimate changes in the productivity of schooling for six East Asian countries. Our productivity measure is based on changes in the relative price of schooling. A rising price of schooling relative to other labor-intensive service sectors should indicate declining relative schooling productivity. We find that the price of schooling increased by more than the price of other labor-intensive se...