The term" Azazel," which appears four times in the prescriptions for the Day of Atonement (Lev 16:8, 10, 26), has elicited much debate. Although many scholars have identified Azazel with a demonic figure to whom the sin-laden scapegoat was dispatched, the term remains undefined in the biblical text. This article will attempt to demonstrate that two noncanonical Jewish works, 1 Enoch and the Apo...

A personal survey of the abortion problem in Britain, based on articles in The Observer. Paul Ferris sets out the present situation clearly for the layman and gives case-histories which are often moving. He makes it clear that the existing law is archaic and socially unjust. Abortion is very much a mental health problem and psychiatrists have recently been used as a scapegoat, because society w...

The study is an analysis of the character Tessie Hutchinson in American writer Shirley Jackson’s short story The Lottery. The duality in Tessie’s character represents the psychological conditions of all the participants in the lottery; while at the same time, having unfortunately won the lottery, Mrs. Hutchingson serves in the story as a victim, a scapegoat of the brutal primitive ceremony. In ...

THE EFFECT of the death of a child on parents and siblings has received considerable attention in the psychological literature. Cain and Cain (1964) have studied hereaved families and have described a common tendency to designate one of the other children as a replacement for the lost child. The substitute child is often and inviduously compared to his dead sibling and feels strongly that the d...

This paper provides experimental evidence showing that members of a majority group systematically shift punishment on innocent an ethnic minority. We develop new incentivized task, the Punishing Scapegoat Game, to measure how injustice affecting member one’s own shapes unrelated bystander (“a scapegoat”). manipulate identity scapegoats and study interactions between Roma minority in Slovakia. f...

BACKGROUND Neurologic deficits after apparent intrathecal injection of 3% Nesacaine-CE intended for epidural administration created concern about the potential toxicity of chloroprocaine and the preservative sodium bisulfite. Although bisulfite-free formulations of chloroprocaine were subsequently introduced into clinical practice, the relative toxicities of this anesthetic and preservative wer...