background co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) is common due to shared routes of transmission, as reported approximately 10% of 33 million hiv-infected patients worldwide are chronically infected with hbv. mutations of hbsag especially within the “a” determinant could alter the antigenicity of the protein, causing failure of hbsag neutralization and ...

Background: DNA amplification method has been developed for identifying and discriminating Salmonella serovars, using specific primers at the genus and serovar levels and to identify the S. Enteritidis, S. Dublin, S. Gallinarum and S. Pullorum. Objectives: This study was conducted for molecular identification and discrimination among some important Salmonella serovars. Methods: Fifty isolates o...

conclusions: premature stop codon in the s gene was observed in all countries with evaluable hbv genome sequences. co-existence of detectable hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and s gene premature stop codon was inconsistent with other studies. investigations on yield truncated hbsag are suggested to determine if they can affect elisa hbsag results. background: we have previously reported on ...

Background and Aims: Shigellosis is an acute gastroenteritis and Invasion plasmid antigen C (IpaC) is the first effector protein for Shigella invasion of intestinal cells. Among lactic acid bacteria, Bifidobacterium lactis (B. lactis) has received increasing attention for protection of a potential host against gastrointestinal infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory ...

Background: In this study we aimed at detecting the enterotoxin A and B gene of S. aureus in clinical samples of patients attending health centers in Zahedan using molecular methods. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in which 40 samples of S. aureus were obtained from patients in a hospital in Zahedan, Iran. Following the biochemical tests, Identifications were c...

background : progression of systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) could be due to oxidative stress especially through reactive oxygen species (ros). detoxification of ros is largely performed by glutathione s-transferases (gsts), therefore polymorphisms of gstm1, gstt1 and gstp1 genes which decrease enzymes activity could affect sle susceptibility. the aim of this study was to determine the effect...

objective(s):to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the contributions of gst genetic variants to the risk of diabetic retinopathy in an iranian population. therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether sequence variation in glutathione s-transferase gene (gstm1 and gstt1) is associated with development of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2d...