Feed additives are largely used in beef cattle diets to improve performance and reduce risks of nutritional disorder diseases like acidosis and timpanism. However, some countries tend to ban the use of ionophore in animal nutrition due to the risk of resistance of some microorganisms. Therefore, alternatives to non-antibiotic additives must be studied. The objective of this work was to investig...

Multiparous Holstein cows (n = 60) were used to determine effects of trace mineral source on oxidative metabolism, subclinical endometritis, and performance of transition cows. After a 1-wk preliminary period, cows were assigned randomly to one of 3 topdress treatments from 21 d before expected calving through 84 d post calving: 1) Inorganic sources based upon sulfates of Zn, Cu, and Mn (ITM); ...

BACKGROUND Adequate feeding is essential to realizing the potential of small ruminants to alleviate poverty among smallholder farmers. This study was conducted in two villages in the Ejura-Sekyedumase District of Ghana and was motivated by farmers' non-adoption of modern feed technologies, but more importantly by the need to understand the small ruminant feed system considering farmers' differe...

Beauchemin and Rode (1996) recently reviewed the use of enzymes in ruminant diets, however, enzymes in the form of crude whole fungal cell preparations have been used to enhance ruminant production for many years. This paper aims to investigate the similarities between the emerging feed enzymes and fungal feed additives, and to use this information to speculate on potential modes of action of d...

this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of electron beam irradiation at doses of 250 and 500 kgy on the chemical composition and ruminal dry matter (dm) and neutral detergent fiber (ndf) degradability of wheat straw. nylon bags of untreated or irradiated wheat straw were suspended in the rumen of three rams for up to 72 h, and resulting data were fitted to non-linear degradation model t...

For the purposes of this symposium in vitro techniques for the evaluation of ruminant feeds are defined as laboratory methods in which the availability of nutrients in the feed to the digestive process in the ruminant animal is estimated by the incubation of the feed with micrwrganisms or semi-purified enzyme preparations, or both. Ewart (1974) reviewed for the Society recent developments in co...

The banning in 2006 of the use of antibiotics as animal growth promoters in the European Union has increased demand from producers for alternative feed additives that can be used to improve animal production. This review gives an overview of the most common non-antibiotic feed additives already being used or that could potentially be used in ruminant nutrition. Probiotics, dicarboxylic acids, e...

A region is considered self-sustainable when the feed provision is adequate for all livestock demands. Livestock is fed in order to supply nutrient needs for maintenance, growth, and reproduction purposes. This study aimed to determine whether Madura Island inIndonesia is able to independently provide sufficient forage for its ruminant livestock. A Carrying Capacity Index (CCI) in four regions ...