in this article, rubber bumpers of double - wishbone suspension system have been modeled and analyzed. the objective of the present work is to predict the performance of these products during deformation, represent an optimum method to design, obtain stiffness characteristic curves and utilize the results in the automotive suspension dynamic analysis. these parts are nonlinear and exhibit large...

The methods for preventing earthquake-induced structural pounding between two adjacent buildings include ensuring a sufficient separation distance them or decreasing their relative displacement during seismic excitation. Some equations even specific values of such gap sizes have been introduced so as to avoid collisions. Increasing the stiffness buildings, using tuned mass dampers, applying liq...

OBJECTIVE To document deaths attributed to bumper pads and injuries from their use that are potentially preventable. STUDY DESIGN The US Consumer Product Safety Commission maintains files on cases voluntarily reported to them of deaths and injury related to commercial products. These cases represent an unknown fraction of total occurrences. We searched this database for deaths related to crib...

It is widely argued that countries can reap large gains from liberalizing their capital accounts if financial globalization is accompanied by the development of domestic institutions and financial markets. However, if liberalization does not lead to speedier financial development, globalization can result in adverse effects on distribution and welfare within and across countries. We use a multi...

A design engineer has to deal with increasingly complex tasks on a daily basis, for which the available time is shrinking. Market competitiveness can be improved by using optimization if process automated. If there limited information about behavior of objective function, global search methods such as simulated annealing (SA) should used. This algorithm requires selection number parameters base...