• Paired analysis of gut segmental bacterial composition and host gene expression was performed in rosiglitazone-treated diabetic db/db mice. Long-term rosiglitazone treatment promoted segment-specific changes without influencing composition. Rosiglitazone markedly affected transcriptional markers intestinal lipid metabolism immune regulation. Local PPAR-? signaling may potentially contribute t...

Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a nuclear hormone receptor whose agonist, rosiglitazone has a neuroprotective effect to hippocampal neurons in pilocarpine-induced seizures. Hippocampal slice preparations treated in Mg2+ free medium can induce ictal and interictal-like epileptiform discharges, which is regarded as an in vitro model of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) rece...

BACKGROUND Rosiglitazone has been the focus of extensive discussion. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of rosiglitazone on iliac arteries, both at the injury site and the contralateral artery, of hypercholesterolemic rabbits undergoing balloon catheter injury. METHODS White male rabbits were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet by oral gavage for 6 weeks and divided into two groups as follows: r...

BACKGROUND Inflammatory mechanisms may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma), such as rosiglitazone, have been recently demonstrated to regulate inflammation by modulating the production of inflammatory mediators and adhesion molecules. The purpose of this study was to examine the prot...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists were shown to inhibit atherosclerosis through augmentation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity. In addition, rosiglitazone exerts a beneficial effect in chronic renal failure (CRF). Since l-arginine transport by CAT-1 (the specific arginine transporter for eNOS) is inhibited in uremia, we aimed to explore the effect of ...

BACKGROUND Some meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials suggested that rosiglitazone could be associated with increased risk for myocardial infarction (MI). Available meta-analyses, based on studies sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), failed to include all trials performed with rosiglitazone. Aim of this analysis is the assessment of the cardiovascular risk with rosiglitazone, using a compr...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of add-on insulin glargine versus rosiglitazone in insulin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on dual oral therapy with sulfonylurea plus metformin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this 24-week multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel trial, 217 patients (HbA(1c) [A1C] 7.5-11%, BMI >25 kg/m(2)) on > or =50% of maximal-...

OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of rosiglitazone compared with placebo in reducing hyperglycemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS After a 4-week placebo run-in period, 959 patients were randomized to placebo or rosiglitazone (total daily dose 4 or 8 mg) for 26 weeks. The primary measure of efficacy was change in the HbA1c concentration. RESULTS Rosiglitazone produced dosage-dependent reduct...

Rosiglitazone is a thiazolidinedione, a synthetic PPARγ receptor agonist with insulin-sensitizing properties that is used as an antidiabetic drug. In addition to improving glycemic control through actions in metabolic target tissues, rosiglitazone has numerous biological actions that impact on cardiovascular homeostasis. Some of these actions are helpful (e.g., improving endothelial function), ...

BACKGROUND Icosapent ethyl is a high-purity form of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester approved to reduce triglyceride levels in adults with triglycerides ≥500 mg/dL. Candidates for triglyceride-lowering therapy include patients with diabetes mellitus who may be receiving rosiglitazone. We assessed the effects of icosapent ethyl on the pharmacokinetic parameters of rosiglitazone. METHODS Subje...