tmrna (also known as ssra or 10sa rna) is so-named for its dual nature so that can function like trna and mrna. tmrna involved in a trans-translation reaction that truly is a kind of translational quality control system. this process contributes to the recycling of stalled translation complexes at the end of an mrna lacking a stop codon or at an internal mrna cluster of rare codons in a process...

Translation terminates at stop codon. Without stop codon, ribosome cannot terminate translation properly and reaches and stalls at the 3'-end of the mRNA lacking stop codon. Bacterial tmRNA-mediated trans-translation releases such stalled ribosome and targets the protein product to degradation by adding specific "degradation tag." Recently two alternative ribosome rescue factors, ArfA (YhdL) an...

Background:In the recent decade, the reverse genetics method has been broadly used for rescue of negative-stranded RNA viruses from cDNA or viral minigenomes. This technique has been applied to study different steps in virus replication and virus-host interactions. Reverse genetics could also be implemented for design of new vaccines. The T7 RNA polymerase activity as well as virus (nucleocapsi...

background:in the recent decade, the reverse genetics method has been broadly used for rescue of negative-stranded rna viruses from cdna or viral minigenomes. this technique has been applied to study different steps in virus replication and virus-host interactions. reverse genetics could also be implemented for design of new vaccines. the t7 rna polymerase activity as well as virus (nucleocapsi...

Bacteria use trans-translation and the alternative rescue factors ArfA (P36675) and ArfB (Q9A8Y3) to hydrolyze peptidyl-tRNA on ribosomes that stall near the 3' end of an mRNA during protein synthesis. The eukaryotic protein ICT1 (Q14197) is homologous to ArfB. In vitro ribosome rescue assays of human ICT1 and Caulobacter crescentus ArfB showed that these proteins have the same activity and sub...

In eukaryotes, Dom34 is involved in the rescue of ribosomes that stall on mRNAs during protein synthesis. Using ribosome profiling, Guydosh and Green reveal that, in addition to rescue of ribosomes stalled on truncated mRNAs, Dom34 also recycles ribosomes that are unexpectedly found in the 3' untranslated regions of many cellular mRNAs.

In bacteria, ribosomes often become stalled and are released by a trans-translation process mediated by transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA). In the absence of tmRNA, however, there is evidence that stalled ribosomes are released from non-stop mRNAs. Here, we show a novel ribosome rescue system mediated by a small basic protein, YaeJ, from Escherichia coli, which is similar in sequence and structure ...