background and aims: the causal agents of viral lettuce big vein disease are two viruse, lettuce big vein associated virus (varicosavirus) and mirafiori lettuce virus (ophiovirus). these viruses have coat proteins of similar size but have different morphologies and serologically unrelated.the purpose of this study was to distinguish and detect lbvav and milv in lettuce fields in tehran province...

background and aims: influenza virus is the most important cause of annual morbidities and mortalities worldwide with numerous antigenic drifts and shifts. inaccessibility to effective drugs and vaccines has made world health authorities to be interested in traditional medicine in order to prevent spread of the infectious agent. garlic is one of the most famous of all plants in human history. i...

conclusions: this study indicates that rsv is a substantial cause of respiratory tract infection in infants less than 2 years old. rt-pcr offers a rapid method for detection of rsv in hospitalized children with lrti. results: during the study period, 9 children had a positive result for rsv infection. the median age of these patients was 10 months. bronchiolitis was the clinical diagnosis of pa...

the human leukocyte antigen g (hla-g) molecule exhibits limited tissue distribution, low polymorphism and alternative splicings that generate seven hla-g isoforms. hla-g exerts multiple immunoregulatory functions. recent studies indicate an ectopic up-regulation in tumor cells that may favor their escape from anti-tumor immune responses. this study it is an effort to clarify the presence of hla...

vaccines is considered as a critical point and in-process of quality control (ipqc) test of vaccine production. rapid tests, like real time pcr, are more appropriated when the production occurs at industrial scale because of the amounts of starting materials and the excess of consumed time required. in the current study, a real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (...

conclusions the prevalence of hbv infection among donors in duhok was comparable with those of reports from other parts of iraq. education and immunization should be initiated to target the high-risk groups. furthermore, a community-based study is recommended to study the prevalence of hbv and hcv infection in the population. background the prevalence of blood borne viral infection is escalatin...

background: acute promyelocytic leukemia (apl) is a subclass of acute myeloid leukemia. the chromosomal aberration in 95% of apl cases is t(15; 17) (q22; q21), which prevents cell differentiation. characterization of the underlying molecular lesion is valuable in determining optimal treatment strategy. the goal of this study was to develop a new and powerful flow- fish technique to detect the l...