Shruti and Smriti: Revelation and Tradition [14] Shruti (“revealed”) texts have been divinely revealed to the early sages (rishis). Written in Sanskrit, and dated between 1500 and 300 BCE. Key examples: The Vedas and Upanishads. Smriti (“remembered”) texts are of human composition (albeit based on divine truths). Key examples: the Epics (e.g., the Bhagavad-Gita and the Ramayana), Puranas (e.g. ...

Due to the gradual revelation of the qur‟ānic verses in line with the events of the prophethood of Prophet Muḥammad (s) era, the reports of the battles of early days of Islam are reflected in some verses, and in some others Jihād and fighting against disbelievers has been emphasized. This has been used as a pretext by some to unintentionally or purposively introduce the Qur‟ān as a book that in...

In Crossing the Threshold of Divine Revelation, William Abraham offers a rich, subtle defense of an epistemology of divine revelation. In this paper, I focus on a cluster of metaepistemological claims made by Abraham. Specifically, I argue that Abraham’s remarks about epistemic fit and the epistemic standards we bring to bear in making evaluations of divine revelation claims commit him to a spe...

Spence, QJE 1973 “Job Market Signaling” The big point: If there is a heterogeneity of types and there exists a signal which has a cost that is negatively correlated with productivity then there exist an infinite number of equlibirium which produce perfect information. Spence hopes to generate a model that “a considerable variety of market and quasimarket phenomena like admissions procedures, pr...

This paper considers prior-independent mechanism design, namely identifying a single mechanism that has near optimal performance on every prior distribution. We show that mechanisms with truthtelling equilibria, a.k.a., revelation mechanisms, do not always give optimal priorindependent mechanisms and we define the revelation gap to quantify the non-optimality of revelation mechanisms. This stud...

this paper has studied motahari's point of view  on the divine revelation as a methodological problem. in islamic philosophers' point of view, divine revelation is result of :union: of prophet and active intellect. they consider the divine revelation as knowledge and emphasize its cognitive identity. on the other hand, some scholars reduce the divine revelation to tendencies and empha...

IE:;, r: ~;-, {fSinceits arrival on the public finance scene some 50 years ago, the Tiebout ~!inodel has played a strikingly diverse range of roles. Indeed, it appears, in ~important ways, to mean different things to different people. The mod~l has ~peen employed as everything from an algorithm for the resolution of the basic Jpreference-revelation problem in the theory of public goods to a des...

I study a simple model of moral hazard with soft information. The risk-averse agent takes an action and she alone observes the stochastic outcome; hence the principal faces a problem of ex post adverse selection. Some measure of truthful revelation is necessary to implement any effort, for which an audit is required. And for effort to be induced the agent must be offered a rent. There exists a ...