نتایج جستجو برای: reinforcing efficacy
تعداد نتایج: 317146 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
a b s t r a c t abstract- methamphetamine has rapidly become more prominent in iran, which is now second most common drug behind heroin. moreover, initiation of methamphetamine abuse is a major cause of failure of opioid treatment programs such as methadone maintenance treatment. this calls for development of more effective treatment methods for methamphetamine addiction, and especially develop...
Based on this, abuse liability of a drug is directly related to its reinforcing efficacy. This implies that an effective method for pharmacological treatment of addiction should have the following properties: (1) Reduces reinforcing effects of the abused drug, (2) Does not increase reinforcing effects of other drugs that are not currently abused by the patient, and (3) Does not reduce reinforci...
teachers beliefs have usually been left unattended in the realm of educational research in iranian context. one of those beliefs which seems to impact teachers performance in the classroom is their sense of self-efficacy, which refers to teachers belief in their ability to enhance student achievement and in bringing about positive learning outcomes. the present study aimed to investigate the pr...
A B S T R A C T Abstract- Methamphetamine has rapidly become more prominent in Iran, which is now second most common drug behind heroin. Moreover, initiation of methamphetamine abuse is a major cause of failure of opioid treatment programs such as Methadone maintenance treatment. This calls for development of more effective treatment methods for methamphetamine addiction, and especially develop...
abstract due to the growing importance and influence of the self of the teacher in the field of educational and cognitive psychology, the current study intended to investigate the relationship between three teacher qualities and characteristics, i.e. teacher self efficacy, self regulation, and success as perceived by their learners. the study aimed at finding whether teacher self efficacy an...
as far as bandura’s (1977) conceptualization of the sense of self-efficacy is concerned, it is argued to be context- and even task-specific, compared to other concepts like self-esteem (brown, 2000); therefore, upon the previous research studies, related theories and definitions, and the ideas and views obtained from the interviews conducted with the scholars, the current research study aimed a...
Rationale: Amphetamine abuse by adolescents predicts long-term drug dependence. Heightened vulnerability to drug abuse could be due to higher sensitivity to drug’s reinforcing effects. Rodents are used to study age-related sensitivities to drugs. Objective: We compared intravenous amphetamine self-administration between adolescent and adult male rats on an operant schedule of reinforcement meas...
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