background: the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of methadone detoxification with traditional method of gradual decrement in the abused amount of the refined opium dross (shireh) to control withdrawal syndrome in shireh-addicted patients. methods: in this study, two groups of shireh addicts were compared. the first group was treated by methadone and the second group by gradual...

background: the pattern of drug abuse in iran has dramatically changed in recent years, turning from the traditional opioids [opium, opium dross, and refined opium dross (shireh)] into drugs with newer forms. the present study is aimed at investigating the frequency of pathological changes in the lungs of bodies with positive postmortem toxicology results for narcotics and psychotropic substanc...

Background: The pattern of drug abuse in Iran has dramatically changed in recent years, turning from the traditional opioids [opium, opium dross, and refined opium dross (Shireh)] into drugs with newer forms. The present study is aimed at investigating the frequency of pathological changes in the lungs of bodies with positive postmortem toxicology results for narcotics and psychotropic substanc...

BACKGROUND Lead (Pb) poisoning among people using opium has been an increasing problem in Iran. The present study highlights the clinical effects of lead toxicity associated with opium use in Iran, Kerman province. METHODS Between January 2016 and June 2016, patients with signs and symptoms of Pb poisoning were questioned to assess whether they had a history of opium dependency. In total, 249...

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of methadone detoxification with traditional method of gradual decrement in the abused amount of the refined opium dross (Shireh) to control withdrawal syndrome in Shireh-addicted patients. Methods: In this study, two groups of Shireh addicts were compared. The first group was treated by methadone and the second group by gr...

This modelling project examines the short-run effects of a program wherein the United States becomes the primary buyer of opium produced in Afghanistan and thereby reduces the global supply of heroin (refined opium). This research demonstrates that supply-side intervention will result in a large decrease in short-run world heroin supply, as well as many beneficial side effects. The U.S. heroin ...

Background: Aluminium dross is a valuable resource that is often redirected to landfill as there are no real viable solutions for the utilisation of this industrial waste. A study has been conducted to provide a recycling process where the dross is reacted with an alkaline solution in order to generate hydrogen with bayerite and gibbsite products. Methods: Samples of aluminium dross were obtain...

Nature of the Accident Tin is manufactured on a very large scale in Bootle. It occurs naturally as pyrites, and arsenic is an invariable contaminant. The chemical composition of the ores varies considerably but arsenic is present in a concentration of up to 3 %. The tin is liberated from its ores by heating with carbon. The arsenical impurities float to the surface of the molten tin and form a ...

Various aluminum-smelting by-products from three production sources were received and characterized. The waste materials were tested for compound identification and environmental acceptance. A coarse metallic aluminum recovery test using an Eddy Current separator (ECS) was performed using two different Circuit configurations. White dross performed equally well with either Circuit, while black d...