In a referendum conducted in the United Kingdom (UK) on June 23, 2016, $51.6\%$ of the participants voted to leave the European Union (EU). The outcome of this referendum had major policy and financial impact for both UK and EU, and was seen as a surprise because the predictions consistently indicate that the ``Remain'''' would get a majority. In this paper, we investigate whether the outcome o...

The referendum on yesterday’s ballot w h ich recommended the adoption o f a bilateral freeze on nuclear weapons was passed overwhelm ingly by the student body. The final ta lly showed those favor­ ing the referendum w inn ing by a margin o f 2770, o r 76.9 percent, to 832, o r 231 percent. 53 percent o f the student body voted in the elec­ tion. people were not really aware o f the issue.” The ...

A constitutional referendum on secession from Indonesia was held in East Timor in 1999, with a pro-independence vote triggering widespread violence by the Indonesian army and pro-union militia. Montenegro underwent a similar process in 2006, also opting for independence but with much smoother results. This article will suggest that the deliberative democratic principle of reciprocity can help d...

In many important political problems, citizens can directly participate in the decision making through a referendum. Examples include accession to international organizations (EU, Euro monetary union) or Quebec’s independence referendum. These settings are often characterized by uncertainty over the future consequences of the decision, the possibility of (at least partial) learning about these ...

We applied the Johansen-Ledoit-Sornette (JLS) model to detect possible bubbles and crashes related to the Brexit/Bremain referendum scheduled for 23 June 2016. Our implementation includes an enhanced model calibration using Genetic Algorithms. We selected a few historical financial series sensitive to the Brexit/Bremain scenario, representative of multiple asset classes. We found that equity an...

On June 23rd 2016, UK held the referendum which ratified the exit from the EU. While most of the traditional pollsters failed to forecast the final vote, there were online systems that hit the result with high accuracy using opinion mining techniques and big data. Starting one month before, we collected and monitored millions of posts about the referendum from social media conversations, and ex...

We empirically investigate the effect of the payment mechanism on contingent values by asking a willingness-to-pay question with one of three different payment mechanisms: individual contribution, contribution with provision point, and referendum. We Ž nd statistical evidence of more afŽ rmative responses in the referendum treatment relative to the individual contribution treatment, some weak s...

A referendum to recall President Hugo Chávez was held in Venezuela in August of 2004. In the referendum, voters were to vote YES if they wished to recall the President and NO if they wanted him to continue in office. The official results were 59% NO and 41% YES. Even though the election was monitored by various international groups including the Organization of American States and the Carter Ce...

http://jpis.org On June 23, the citizens of the United Kingdom (UK) voted to leave the European Union (EU) through the referendum known popularly as Brexit. Mick Armstrong, the chair of the Principal Executive Committee of the British Dental Association (BDA), announced, “We did not take a position in this referendum.” However, it has become clear that Brexit does have specific implications for...