in the conventional design and analysis methods affecting parameters (loads, materials'strength, etc) are not set as probable variables. safety factors in the current codes andstandards are usually obtained on the basis of judgment and experience, which may beimproper or uneconomical. in technical literature, a method based on nonlinear static analysisis suggested to set reliability index on st...

This article studies the correlation of information embedded in a sequence based on Satosi Watanabe's parameter called the intersymbol correlation. Basic concepts of conditional probability, ergodicity, and redundancy are used in formulating the correlation index within a sequence. The occurrence of these symbols of an nth-order Markov chain is governed by an intersymbol correlation probability...

Due to complexity and delay constraints a usually significant amount of residual redundancy remains in the source samples after source coding. This residual redundancy can be exploited by iterative source-channel decoding for error concealment and quality improvements. One key design issue in joint source-channel (de-)coding is the index assignment. Besides conventional index assignments optimi...

How does the visual system represent the ensemble statistics of visual objects? This question has received intense interest in vision research, yet most studies have focused on the extraction of mean statistics rather than its dispersion. This study focuses on another aspect of ensemble statistics: the redundancy of the sample. In two experiments, participants were faster judging the facial exp...

Abstract In general redundancy allocation problems the redundancy strategy for each subsystem is predetermined. Tavakkoli- Moghaddam presented a series-parallel redundancy allocation problem with mixing components (RAPMC) in which the redundancy strategy can be chosen for individual subsystems. In this paper, we present a bi-objective redundancy allocation when the redundancy strategies for...

bond failure of brackets during orthodontic treatment is a common problem; which results in treatment interference, increased treatment time and prolonged clinical time for rebonding of failed brackets. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of coca-cola and a non-alcoholic beer on the shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index (ari) of orthodontic metal brackets in vitro.eig...