graft copolymers of acrylamide on carboxymethyl cellulose (d.s 0.4-0.5) were prepared by the use of ceric ion, ceric ion/reductant molecule initiator systems in aqueous medium. the graft copolymers were characterized by ir spectroscopy. the extent of graft copolymerisation was measured in terms of grafted chains as a function of both ceric ion and ceric ion/reductant molecule concentrations. it...

The direct reductant of ferricytochrome c2 in the ubiquinone cytochrome b-c2 oxidoreductase of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides is a component (Z), with an oxidation-reduction midpoint potential of 155 mV at pH i’, which requires 2 electrons and 2 protons for its equilibrium reduction. The reduction of the ferricytochrome is first order in both ferricytochrome and reductant, indicating that the rea...

The reductive cleavage of the C-O bonds of aryl ethers has great potential in organic synthesis. Although several catalysts that can promote the reductive cleavage of aryl ethers have been reported, all such systems require the use of an external reductant, e.g., hydrosilane or hydrogen. Here, we report the development of a new nickel-based catalytic system that can cleave the C-O bonds of ethe...

Graft copolymers of acrylamide on carboxymethyl cellulose (d.s 0.4-0.5) were prepared by the use of ceric ion, ceric ion/reductant molecule initiator systems in aqueous medium. The graft copolymers were characterized by IR spectroscopy. The extent of graft copolymerisation was measured in terms of grafted chains as a function of both ceric ion and ceric ion/reductant molecule concentrations. It...

The single-operation deracemization of 3H indolines and tetrahydroquinolines is described. An asymmetric redox approach was employed, in which a phosphoric acid catalyst, oxidant, and reductant are present in the reaction mixture. The simultaneous presence of both oxidant and reductant was enabled by phase separation and resulted in the isolation of highly enantioenriched starting materials in ...

Partial evaluation (PE) is an automatic program transformation technique aiming to obtain, among other advantages, the optimization of a program with respect to parts of its input: hence, it is also known as program specialization. This paper introduces the subject of PE into the field of fuzzy logic programming. We define the concept of PE for multi-adjoint logic programs and goals, and apart ...

In the present paper, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using the Brassica oleraceae fruit extract under the simple and eco-friendly conditions. The reaction between silver nitrate, as metal source, and aqueous extract of Brassica oleraceae fruit, as reductant agent, produced AgNPs in high yield. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by means of UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning elect...

The hydrothermal reduction of CO2 captured in aqueous solutions using metal reductants is a promising novel approach that achieves high yields conversion and selectivity, but it presents the limitation temperatures needed for reaction to take place. In this work, experiments combining several reductant metals (Zn, Al Fe), catalysts (Pd/C, Ni, Cu, Fe2O3 Fe3O4) (200, 250 300 ºC) were performed op...