During germination, the embryo axis elongates and the radicle emerges through the surrounding structures of the seed. However, this elongation is not even along the axis, and it has been suggested that the region responsible for radicle protrusion is related to the type of subsequent seedling establishment. Eleven epigeal- and five hypogeal-type species were selected to study endoreduplication,...

Genetic and anatomical analyses of the developing Arabidopsis embryogenic root reveal that stereotypic patterns of cell division are not required for pattern formation.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Seeds of carob, Chinese senna, date and fenugreek are hard due to thickened endosperm cell walls containing mannan polymers. How the radicle is able penetrate these thickened walls to complete seed germination is not clearly understood. The objective of this study was to determine if radicle emergence is related to the production of endo-beta-mannanase to weaken the mannan-r...

A number of the components of the tissues contain in their molecules either phosphoric or sulfuric acid. The phosphoric acid radicle is contained in the monoand polynucleotides, and the sulfuric acid radicle in chondroitinand mucoitin-sulfuric acids. In all these compounds the acid radicle is linked in ester form to either a carbohydrate or a polyhydric alcohol. On long acquaintance with substa...

Groundnut is an important oilseed, food and feed crop of our country whose productivity is curtailed due to biotic and abiotic stresses. Salinity is one of the important abiotic stresses which affects all stages of groundnut growth and finally the yield. Soil amelioration against salinity is a costly and time-consuming procedure. Alternative strategy is to develop salinity-tolerant groundnut ge...

In this work, the effects of boric acid pretreatment on the seed germination, seedling growth (coleoptile percentage, radicle length, coleoptile length, radicle number and fresh weight) and leaf anatomy of barley under saline conditions were studied. In parallel with concentration increase, salt stress inhibited the germination and seedling growth of barley seeds. Boric acid application allevia...

Neither the P32-phosphate nor the S35-sulfate were metabolized by intact seeds until after radicle protrusion (15 to 18 hours after beginning of imbibition). Punctured seeds, however, metabolized the radioactive phosphate or sulfate within 3 hours after the beginning of imbibition. We concluded that the coats surrounding the embryo are impermeable to phosphate and sulfate ions. Most of the orga...

Seed germination culminates in the initiation of embryo growth and the resumption of water uptake after imbibition. Previous applications of cell growth models to describe seed germination have focused on the inhibition of radicle growth rates at reduced water potential (Psi). An alternative approach is presented, based upon the timing of radicle emergence, to characterize the relationship of s...