This file provide the detailed steps for obtaining the bounds on R1, R2 via the obtained results on (R1c, R1p, R2c, R2p). The rate pair (R1c, R1p, R2c, R2p) is achievable if it satisfies following inequalities. R1c ≤ rank(U 1 H11V21) (1) R1p ≤ m1 − r21 (2) R2c ≤ r12 (3) R1c +R1p ≤ r11 (4) R1c +R2c ≤ r12 + rank(U 10H11V21) (5) R1p +R2c ≤ r12 + rank(U 10H11V20) (6) R1c +R1p +R2c ≤ n1 (7) R2c ≤ ra...

The leading malaria vaccine in development is the circumsporozoite protein (CSP)-based particle vaccine, RTS,S, which targets the pre-erythrocytic stage of Plasmodium falciparum infection. It induces modest levels of protective efficacy, thought to be mediated primarily by CSP-specific antibodies. We aimed to enhance vaccine efficacy by generating a more immunogenic CSP-based particle vaccine a...

In the title compounds, C14H17N5OS (I) and C13H15N5O2S (II), the dihedral angle between the pyrimidine and benzene rings is 58.64 (8)° in (I) and 78.33 (9)° in (II). In both compounds, there is an intra-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bond, and in (II) there is also an intra-molecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bond present. In the crystals of both compounds, a pair of N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds links the individual mo...

In recent observations of Brownian motion of islands of adsorbed atoms and of vacancies with mean radius R, the cluster diffusion constant varies as R21 and R22. From an analytical Langevin description of the cluster’s steplike boundary, we find three cases, R21, R22, and R23, corresponding to the three microscopic surface mass-transport mechanisms of straight steps. We thereby provide a unifie...

This work was supported by grants from the NIH to E.E.J (T90 DK070078, T32 ES007155), 29
 M.M. (R21 AI068077). B.J.C. (R21 AI06519) and M.W.R (R01 ES014638 and R01 DK064750). 30
 A.S. conducted studies as a research fellow at HSPH. We would like to thank Dr. Igor Kramnik 31
 from the Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases at the Harvard School of Public 32
 Health for providing the GF...

Filamins are actin binding proteins that contribute to cytoskeletal integrity and biochemical scaffolds during mechanochemical signal transductions. Structurally, human filamins are dimers composed of an actin-binding domain with 24 immunoglobulin (Ig)-like repeats. In this study, we focus on the recently solved high-resolution crystal structure of Ig-like repeats 19-21 of filamin-A (IgFLNa-R19...

Effects of age, vitamin D3 (VitD3) and Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on the correlations of bone parameters were examined in broiler chickens. A total of 36 d-old male chicks were placed in battery brooders and fed a corn/soybean starter diet for 7 days and were randomly assigned to 12 pens each containing 3 birds. In group 1, birds were fed a corn/soybean starter diet and sacrificed on d 14 and ...

The Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus exJSRV and its endogenous counterpart enJSRV co-exist in sheep. exJSRV, a betaretrovirus, is the etiological agent of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma, and it has been demonstrated in vitro that an enJSRV Gag variant bearing the R-to-W amino acid change at position 21 was able to block exJSRV budding from the cells, providing a potential protective role for the hos...

This study examined the effect of methylglyoxal (MGO)-derived nonenzymatic posttranslational modifications (nePTMs) on the binding affinity of S100A12 to its natural receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE). Binding of MGO-modified S100A12 to RAGE decreased significantly with increasing MGO concentration and incubation time. Ca(2+)-induced S100A12 hexamerization was impaired only at ...