Cell-to cell communication occurs via a signaling pathway referred to as quorum sensing. There are four main types of these systems according to the chemical nature of signal molecules used by microorganisms to elicit expression of target genes in response to environmental stimuli or need of microbial communities. Type I system acts by using acyl homoserine lactones as signals to trigger the ex...

Objective(s): Honey’s ability to kill microorganisms and even eradication of chronic infections with drug-resistant pathogens has been documented by numerous studies. The present study is focused on the action of honey in its sub-inhibitory levels to impact on the pathogens coordinated behaviors rather than killing them. Materials and Methods:</strong...

In distributed systems, data replication provides better availability, higher read capacity, improved access efficiency and lower bandwidth requirements in the system. In this paper, we propose a significantly efficient approach of the data replication for serial isolation by using newly proposed Circular quorum systems. This paper has three major contributions. First, we have proposed the Circ...

A quorum system is a set system in which any two subsets have nonempty intersection. Quorum systems have been extensively studied as a method of maintaining consistency in distributed systems. Important attributes of a quorum system include the load, balancing ratio, rank (i.e., quorum size) and availability. Many constructions have been presented in the literature for quorum systems in which t...

This paper presents a new atomic commitment protocol, Enhanced Three Phase Commit (E3PC), that always allows a quorum in the system to make progress. Previously suggested quorum-based protocols (e.g. the quorum-based Three Phase Commit (3PC) Ske82]) allow a quorum to make progress in case of one failure. If failures cascade, however, and the quorum in the system is \lost" (i.e. at a given time ...

Replication technology, such as Quorum NRW system, is the most effective technology to improve availability of SaaS. However, the variety of SaaS transaction will result in application unbalance. In this paper, we construct a new Quorum NRW system for multitenant database which is based on the method of sharing database and schema model. It can provide different R and W values for each tenant a...

Quorum systems serve as a basic tool providing a uniform and reliable way to achieve coordination in a distributed system. They are useful for distributed and replicated databases, name servers, mutual exclusion, and distributed access control and signatures. The un-availability of a quorum system is the probability of the event that no live quorum exists in the system. When such an event occur...

This paper presents a new atomic commitment protocol enhanced three phase commit E PC that always allows a quorum in the system to make progress Previously suggested quorum based protocols e g the quorum based three phase commit PC Ske allow a quorum to make progress in case of one failure If failures cascade however and the quorum in the system is lost i e at a given time no quorum component e...

In distributed systems it is often necessary to provide coordination among the multiple concurrent processes. Quorum systems provide a decentralized approach to provide such coordination that is resilient to node and communication link failures. Quorum systems are highly available and may be used to balance the load among the elements of the system. In this paper, we propose a modification to t...

We explore applications of quorum systems to the problem of tracking locations of mobile users in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). The location tracking system uses biquorum systems, a generalization of traditional quorum systems. We performed extensive simulations of the location tracking system. The simulation results show that our strict biquorum implementation has better performance than th...