TYR (Tyrosinase) and TYRP1 (Tyrosinase-related protein 1) play crucial roles in determining the coat color of birds. In this paper, we aimed to characterize the relationship of TYR and TYRP1 genes with plumage colors in Korean quails. The SNPs were searched by cDNA sequencing and PCR-SSCP in three plumage color Korean quails (maroon, white and black plumage). Two SNPs (367T→C and 1153C→T) were ...

This paper makes an analysis of the ecological behaviours of 3 categories of quails, namely wild Japanese quails from the Weishan Lake Area, medium-sized domestic quails and pint-sized domestic quails. The study indicates as follows: (1) There is difference in morphological and biological habits between domestic quails and wild Japanese ones. (2) The cross-breeding between the wild and domestic...

Quail has been proposed to be an intermediate host of influenza A viruses. However, information on the susceptibility and pathogenicity of pandemic H1N1 2009 (pH1N1) and swine influenza viruses in quails is limited. In this study, the pathogenicity, virus shedding, and transmission characteristics of pH1N1, swine H1N1 (swH1N1), and avian H3N2 (dkH3N2) influenza viruses in quails was examined. T...

AIM Genotype VII Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is the most predominant NDV strains that circulating in Malaysia; thus, this study was aimed to determine the susceptibility of Japanese quails toward genotype VII NDV. Clinical signs, gross pathological lesions of organs, positive detection of virus in organs and cloacal swabs, as well as the expression of the antibody titer, were used as paramete...

Pathological studies of Japanese quail, which were inoculated intraperitoneally with JM strain of Marek's disease herpesvirus (MDHV) at one day of age or infected by contact with inoculated-quails, were described. A group of quails accidentally infected with Marek's disease (MD) and other un infected normal quails were also included in the present experiments. The quails were examined for vario...

Retinal ganglion cell loss was investigated in the retinae of albino quails before and after the development of glaucoma. The isodensity maps of ganglion cells, the total number of ganglion cells, and the histograms of the cell size in the central region of the retina were similar between albino quails without glaucoma and pigmented quails. However, ganglion cells in the intermediate and periph...

Efficient conversion of food into body mass has been associated with altered gene expression of some proteins of the electron transport chain. We evaluated the effect of age on mRNA expression of uncoupling protein, adenine nucleotide translocase and cytochrome c oxidase complex III in quails. One-day-old broiler quails were sacrificed after 7, 14, 21, or 28 days. Six quails of each age we...

Eggand meat-type quails were reared in groups of different sizes with a fixed female-to-male ratio of 2 to 1 and an area of 158 cm per bird. The aim was to investigate the influence of group size on quail production and reproductive variables. To this end, 360 quails (180 meat and 180 egg-type quails) were assigned in a completely randomized experimental design to one of three treatments with t...

To determine the effect of using Aloe vera and protexin probiotic on performance, carcass characteristics and some blood biochemical in Japanese quails, a total 300 ten days old Japanese quails quail chicks with an average weight of 19.5±5 g were divided into 8 treatments with 3 replicates as factorial randomized design experiment. The quails were fed by basal diet as control diet, (0 and 1 g.k...

Quails are blessed with several desirable characters like fast growth, early sexual maturity, high rate of egg production, short generation interval, requirement of less floor space, short incubation period and less susceptibility to diseases. Generally quails are reared in multi-tier cages both during growing and laying periods. The convenience in handling and conservation of space and energy ...