0. Introduction Lexical-semantic theories often suffer from the imprecision of the concepts they employ in their representations. This leads to a considerable decrease in empirical strength by inviting circular argumentation. A demonstration of how to go about overcoming such shortcomings will be carried out, using the lexical semantic concept of ‘punctuality’ as an example. Firstly, I will arg...

The federal budgeting process is wrought with conflict that makes it nearly impossible for the budget to be passed on time, or so it seems. One aspect overlooked is the effects of statutory Pay-As-You-Go (PAYGO) rules. The cursory evidence indicates PAYGO may be beneficial under certain circumstances. The analysis relies on an Autoregressive-Moving-Average (ARMA) time series model with data fro...

We analyse a dynamic variant of the vehicle routing problem with soft time windows in which an average punctuality must be guaranteed (e.g. lateness is allowed at some customer sites). The existing objective function does not support both the aspiration for punctuality and least cost so that additional efforts are necessary to achieve an acceptable punctuality level at least possible costs. Wit...

The iron ore railway in northern Scandinavia is a single track line that stretches from the Gulf of Bothnia to the Norwegian Sea. Mixed traffic on a single-track railway makes the traffic sensitive and prone to disturbances. To improve punctuality and efficiency in the traffic flow, the link between disturbances and their impacts on train delays needs to be analysed and understood more precisel...

Indicators of expected quality service in public contracts are often based on some kind “punctuality”, usually defined terms the percentage trains arriving at final destination (and/or intermediate significant stops) within a given delay. Passengers, however, tend to use word “punctuality” with more general meaning, mostly as synonym for delay their own destination, and especially case commuter...

Quality is an essential aspect of public transport. In the case of regular public passenger transport by road, punctuality and regularity are criteria used to assess quality of service. Calculating metrics related to these criteria continuously over time and comprehensively across the entire transport network requires the handling of large amounts of data. This article describes a system for co...

Whether verbs have to be marked as punctual vs. durative has been a controversial issue from the very beginnings of research on aktionsarten in the last century right on up to modern theories of aspectual classes and aspect composition. Debates about the linguistic necessity of this distinction have often been accompanied by the question of what it means for a verb to be temporally punctual. In...