OBJECTIVE To examine how parental responses following pediatric injury may influence their child's posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). METHODS Heart rate (HR) from 82 pediatric injury patients was measured during emergency medical services (EMSs) transport and following hospital admission. Twelve-hour urinary cortisol levels were assessed upon admission. Child PTSS and parental PTSS and gen...

OBJECTIVE The present study prospectively examined the development of child PTSD symptoms (PTSS) and the impact of caregiver PTSS on child PTSS following injury. METHODS One hundred and eighteen ED patients and their caregivers were interviewed in-hospital and 2- and 6-weeks posttrauma. Structural equation modeling and hierarchical linear regressions examined the development of PTSS. RESULT...

OBJECTIVES To investigate whether posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are related to attentional bias towards cancer-related stimuli among parents of children recently diagnosed with cancer. METHODS Sixty-two parents completed questionnaires measuring PTSS, depression, and anxiety and the emotional Stroop task via the Internet. The emotional Stroop task included cancer-related words, cardiov...

Pure Type Systems. PTSs, introduced as a generalisation of the type systems of Barendregt's lambda-cube, provide a foundation for actual proof assistants, aiming at the mechanic verification of formal proofs. In this paper we consider simplifications of some of the rules of PTSs. This is of independent interest for PTSs as this produces more flexible PTS-like systems, but it will also help, in ...

Background Severe multiple injuries cause post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). In a biopsychosocial rehabilitation perspective knowledge about the patients' mental health and PTSS is important. Factors predicting PTSS should be identified and implemented into the rehabilitation processes. Aims were to describe PTSS status for multiple trauma patients at 2 years postinjury, and relations betwe...

Objectives Posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are highly prevalent in chronic pain patients and may affect pain symptomatology negatively, but there is still a great need to explore exactly how this occurs. Therefore, this study investigated differences in pain intensity, pain-related disability, and psychological distress between chronic pain patients not exposed to a trauma, patients expose...

A strong positive association between emotion regulation difficulties (ERD) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) has been consistently evidenced in cross-sectional research. However, a lack of prospective research has limited hypotheses regarding the temporal relationship between trauma exposure, ERD, and PTSS. The present prospective study investigated the role of pre-trauma difficulties w...

People differ markedly in their risk for developing posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) after exposure to traumatic events. Twin studies suggest that the trauma-PTSS relationship is moderated by genetic and environmental influences. The present study tested for specific types of genetic and environmental interaction effects on PTSS. A sample of 222 monozygotic and 184 dizygotic twin pairs repo...

OBJECTIVE The present article presents a meta-analysis of studies examining the association between parent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)/depression symptoms and child PTSD symptoms (PTSS) after a child's exposure to a traumatic event while considering multiple moderating factors to explain heterogeneity of effect sizes. METHODS 35 studies were included: 32 involving the association bet...

Background It has been shown that positive treatment expectancy (TE) and good working alliance increase psychotherapeutic success in adult patients, either directly or mediated by other common treatment factors like collaboration. However, the effects of TE in psychotherapy with children, adolescents and their caregivers are mostly unknown. Due to characteristics of the disorder such as avoidan...