Nitronyl nitroxides, such as derivatives of 2-phenyl4,4,5,5,-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIOs), react with NO to form the corresponding imino nitroxides (PTIs) and NO2. PTIOs are considered as monitors of NO, stoichiometric sources of NO2, biochemical and physiological effectors, specific tools for the elimination of NO, and potential therapeutic agents. However, a better understand...

In this study, we report poly(1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-2(3H)-one) (pTIO) derivatives for an electrochromic (EC) type e-paper and its novel printing fabrication process. pTIO is a kind of conductive polymer (CP) s which are known as one of the EC materials. The electrochromism of pTIO is unique, because its color in doped state is almost transparent (pale gray). A transparent state is required t...

BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) production following bacterial infection may play a physiological role in the host defense mechanism due to its antimicrobial activity. However, excess production of NO in severe infection such as sepsis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of septic shock. To determine whether a nitronyl nitroxide NO scavenger compound could prevent the hemodynamic and blood ga...

We evaluated the effects of N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor) and carboxy-2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (carboxy-PTIO, a NO scavenger) on NO-mediated relaxation and noradrenaline release from adrenergic nerve endings induced by electrical field stimulation in the rabbit urethra. Electrical field stimulation caused frequency-depend...

Nitric oxide (NO ⋅) is important in the regulation of mitochondrial function, cell signaling, and gene expression. To elucidate how endogenous NO ⋅ regulates the function of airway epithelial cells, we used carboxy-PTIO, a hydrophilic, negatively charged NO ⋅ trap, to scavenge NO ⋅ from rat lung epithelial (RLE) and rat pleural mesothelial (RPM) cells and to determine the elicitation of cell cy...

Although the administration of monocrotaline (MCT) into experimental animals is in widespread use today in investigations of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), the underlying cellular and subcellular mechanisms that culminate in vascular remodeling are incompletely understood. Bovine pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs) in culture exposed to monocrotaline pyrrole (MCTP) develop "meg...

Bermudagrass is widely utilized in parks, lawns, and golf courses. However, cold is a key factor limiting resource use in bermudagrass. Therefore, it is meaningful to study the mechanism of bermudagrass response to cold. Nitric oxide (NO) is a crucial signal molecule with multiple biological functions. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate whether NO play roles in bermudagrass re...

NO (nitric oxide) may protect the liver from IR (ischaemia/reperfusion) injury. RIPC (remote ischaemic preconditioning) also protects against liver IR injury; however, the molecular mediator(s) of RIPC are currently unknown. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of NO in hindlimb RIPC-induced protection against liver IR injury. Mice were allocated to the following groups: sham gro...

BACKGROUND In idiopathic adult hydrocephalus syndrome (IAHS), a pathophysiological model of "chronic ischaemia" caused by an arteriosclerotic process in association with a CSF hydrodynamic disturbance has been proposed. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether CSF hydrodynamic manipulation has an impact on biochemical markers related to ischaemia, brain tissue oxygen tension (PtiO(2)), and intracrani...