background and purpose: many workers are exposed to workplace hazards. many occupational diseases are preventable by personal protective devices (ppds). though many workers do not use ppds or their protection by ppds is not sufficient. this study was designed to assess the quality of ppds usage among industrial workers. materials and methods: in a cross-sectional study, 648 workers from four ma...

in this paper, simultaneous placement of distributed generation, capacitor bank and protective devices are utilized to improve the efficiency of the distribution network. the objectives of the problem are reduction of active and reactive power losses, improvement of voltage profile and reliability indices and increasing distribution companies’ profit. the combination of firefly algorithm, parti...

In this paper, we proposed a new structural protective device based on a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) to protect ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) of an integrated circuit. The proposed device features latch-up immunity in a normal operation state by the low holding voltage of the existing SCR based PSD protective device. The proposed device was analyzed to figure out electrical characteristi...