in the framework of non-proliferation treaty (npt) it has been enumerated three objectives as follow: 1) peaceful use of nuclear energy; 2) non-proliferation of nuclear weapons and 3) nuclear disarmament. the writers in this article have studied and analyzed multilateral aspects of the right of peaceful use of nuclear energy, and interpretation of some npt articles (1, 2 and 4).in the conclusio...

Abstract The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) is a central element of the global nuclear order, primary goal which to prevent war. But this understanding being threatened by number developments. Frustration about lack disarmament and concerns humanitarian consequences weapons led negotiation on Prohibition Weapons (TPNW). new treaty has further exposed existing fault lines within NPT exac...

Although the nuclear non-proliferation regime has enjoyed considerable success, today it is facing serious threats. Recent and continuing violations of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), particularly by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) and Iran, as well as the lack of substantive outcome from the 2005 NPT Review Conference, have led some critics to question whether the ...

Amid growing recognition of the need for supply-side policies which set limits on further expansion fossil fuel extraction and use, in this article we consider possible elements a Fossil Fuel Non-Proliferation Treaty (FF NPT), behind there is momentum. We elaborate institutional mechanisms, principles, procedures, other an FF NPT, by drawing relevant precedents parallels with treaties bodies in...

Among the states that possess nuclear weapons, the United Kingdom is now regarded as one of the least problematic. Long established and recognized as a nuclear weapon state (NWS) under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), it has a stable democracy, competent administrative system, disciplined military forces, and a cooperative approach to international security. It is a...

The nuclear arms control regime—centered on the 1968 Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT)—faces five challenges: failure of nuclear disarmament by the five NPT-licit nuclear powers (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States); possible cheating by non-nuclear signatories like North Korea and Iran; India, Israel, and Pakistan remaining outside the NPT; terrorists’ interest ...

despite being the member of the international disarmament and non-proliferation conventions i.e. non-proliferation treaty (npt), chemical weapons convention (cwc) and biological weapons convention (bwc) which include their own specific export control regimes, some developed countries established parallel export control regimes that are against their commitments under aforementioned internationa...

This study examines the factors affecting emergence of Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), which is main mechanism international regime formed to prevent spread nuclear weapons, through basic assumptions theories. addresses following question: What were at play when NPT was formed? study’s research method testing theoretical with a case study. Within this framework, theories used in concern...

The regime built around the 1970 Treaty on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) has helped curtail spread nuclear arms for fifty years. In hindsight, it is remarkable only nine states possess world’s most powerful weapon. NPT achieved much success during Cold War bipolarity and U.S. unipolarity in its aftermath. But today, China’s rise Russia’s resurgence have ushered a new era emerging m...