neurotoxicants present in water supply may affect human functions in terms of attention, response speed and perceptual motor speed. neurobehavioural performance can be influenced by gender, age and education levels. this study aims to assess the neurobehavioral performance of palm oil estate residents with private water supply in southern peninsular of malaysia.a total of 287 and 246 participan...

The study was to determine the concentration of aluminium (Al) and study the physicochemical parameters (pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, and residual chlorine) in drinking water supply in selected palm oil estates in Kota Tinggi, Johor. Water samples were collected from the estates with the private and the public water supplies. The sampling points were at the water source (S), the...

In systems experiencing water scarcity and consequent intermittent supply, users often adopt private tanks that collect water during service periods and supply users when the service is not available. The tank may be fed by gravity or by private pumping stations depending on the network pressure level. Once water resources are collected, the tank can supply users by gravity if it is located on ...

Brazil has been experimenting with Private Sector Participation (PSP) in the water and sewage sector since the mid-nineties. In this paper we study past and ongoing experiences of private supply of water in Brazil and assess their impact on access (coverage). We use different estimation methods and datasets to investigate the existence of differences between municipalities where there is privat...

Can private sector participation (PSP) in the piped water sector improve child health? I use child-level data from 39 African countries during 1986-2010 to show that PSP decreases diarrhea among urban-dwelling, under-five children by 2.6 percentage points, or 16% of its mean prevalence. Children from the poorest households benefit most. PSP is also associated with a 7.8 percentage point increas...

In total the country has received $2 billion for its anti-poverty programme since 1998. Many of these funds have been conditional on the implementation of private sector participation (PSP), which has improved efficiency and access to services in the water sector. An additional 913 people were connected to water supplies every day between 1998 and 2001 and the total rural water coverage increas...

The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this study are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations, or to the members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent.Private sector participation in the water supply and wastewater sector: lessons from six developing countries /...

Water supply system management for providing proper services to the community is a challenge Government of Indonesia. The Indonesian government through Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) scheme involves role private sector decent, quality, and cost-effective water infrastructure. This study aims describe problems faced by Regional PPP project initiated business entities (unsolicited) in Also, d...

Introduction: Piped water systems are considered to be the gold standard for drinking water according to the Joint Water Monitoring Study. However, poor maintenance of distribution pipes, intermittency of water supply, and sewage water intrusion have contributed to a number of water-borne disease episodes in developed and developing countries. Methods: This study investigated the risk burden r...