the misconception (shubha) of absolute nonexistent – which we have named as paradox – is not an amusing brainteaser; rather, it is one the significant epistemological issues. its importance can be looked upon from two different viewpoints: research and educational. it is significant from the research viewpoint because it challenges propositions which constitute the foundation of our thinking an...

although aristotle has considered the “universal substance” as a substance, he introduced knowledge as an accident. the question then arises as to whether a “universal substance”, whereas it is a substance, can be an accident. answering the question, ibn sina has changed the subject of the dispute from “mental substance” to “quiddity of substance”, so that he could guarantee its truth in the fo...

Analyses of secondary predication based on the aspectual properties predicative complements are almost standard today. This paper shows that these approaches not restrictive enough and make a large number incorrect predictions. It also meaning main (or primary) predicate is essential to restrict one. Throughout text, pragmatically analysis necessary restrictions compared with one grounded seman...

in dealing with uninvited guests as natural propositions and propositions that are based on primary essential predication, the term “predication” has undergone some semantic changes; according to the elements of “unity” and “difference” three periods may be distinguished: (1) the period in which “what causes the unity” is external and “what causes the difference” is in the mind, (2) the period ...

some moral propositions are self-evident and are used as basis for justifying theoretical ones in ethics. while this view has long been raised in islamic thought and explained in more detail by contemporary philosophers, the sort of their being self-evident is less explained and sometimes is subject to disagreement. the authors of the present article hold that at least two propositions of “just...

Abstract According to the Categories , predicates can be ‘said of’ their subjects or they ‘present in’ subjects. The said-of relation has received relatively little scholarly attention, and scholars disagree on answers four foundational questions about relation. (i) What is it? (ii) Is it an essential relation? (iii) How related predication? (iv) primitive? I argue that A B just in case a forma...

The Aristotelian double characterization of a primary substance exploits the difference between the part-whole relation and the non-linguistic relation of predication. A problem arises whether and how the second relation could be reduced to something else. Such a reduction is explicitly declared or at least implicitly assumed in all version of conceptualism and nominalism. The moderate realism ...

Current predication models fail to consider the time utility of the web services evaluation predication and treat the different historical ratings in the same way. To solve this problem, we put forward web service evaluation predication model based on time utility. In the model, naïve quantification method and complex quantification method are proposed to achieve the distinct and proper time ut...