İletişimin devamlılığı için iş birliği içerisinde olmak ne kadar önemliyse konuşurlar arasındaki ortak bağlamın, deneyimlerin ve genel geçer bilgilerin varlığı da bir o önem taşımaktadır. Yazılı ya sözlü metnin akıcılığı sağlayabilmek arasında iletişimi sürdürebilmek karşılıklı sunulan bilginin varsayılan düzeyde olması gerekmektedir. tarafları ön kabul gerektiren bu bilgiler önvarsayımları olu...

This paper investigates semantic and pragmatic presupposition in Discourse Representation Theory (DRT) and enhances the pragmatic perspective of presupposition in DRT. In doing so, it draws attention to the need to account for agent presupposition (i.e. both speaker and hearer presupposition) when dealing with pragmatic presupposition. Furthermore, this paper links this pragmatic conception of ...

This paper offers a critical analysis of Stalnaker’s work on presupposition (Stalnaker 1973, 1974, 1979, 1999 and forthcoming). The paper examines two definitions of speaker presupposition offered by Stalnaker—the familiar common ground view, and the earlier, less familiar, dispositional account—and how Stalnaker relates this notion to the linguistic phenomenon of presupposition. Special attent...

The paper deals with empirical questions that come attached with a presupposition. In case that the presupposition is not true, there is no unambiguous direct answer. In such a case an adequate complete answer is a negated presupposition. Yet these simple ideas are connected with a bunch of problems. First, we must distinguish between a pragmatic and semantic presupposition, and thus also betwe...

Van der Sandt’s algorithm for handling presupposition is based on a “presupposition as anaphora” paradigm and is expressed in the realm of Kamp’s DRT. In recent years, we have proposed a typetheoretic rebuilding of DRT that allows Montague’s semantics to be combined with discourse dynamics. Here we explore van der Sandt’s theory along the line of this formal framework. It then results that pres...

In this paper, we propose an experiment concerning presupposition selection in conditional sentences containing a presupposition trigger in the consequent. Many theories claim that sentences like if p, q q'-where q is the presupposition of the assertive component q'-have unconditional presuppositions, namely, they simply project q. Other theories suggest that these kinds of conditional sentence...

Although it is widely agreed, if often only tacitly, that there is a close connection between focus and presupposition, recent research has tended to shy away from the null hypothesis, which is that focus is systematically associated with presupposition along the following lines: The Background-Presupposition Rule (BPR) Whenever focusing gives rise to a background λx.φ(x), there is a presupposi...

With respect to how comprehenders process presupposition and handle presupposition failure when verifying sentences, at least two hypotheses are possible: (1) presuppositions are treated like preconditions for evaluating the truth or falsity of a sentence, and are systematically verified before the assertion, and (2) presuppositions are 'backgrounded' and therefore taken for granted—meaning tha...

Recent semantic research has made increasing use of a principle, ‘Maximize Presupposition’, which requires that under certain circumstances the strongest possible presupposition be marked (Sauerland 2006). This principle is generally taken to be irreducible to standard (neo-) Gricean reasoning because, by definition, the forms that are in competition have the same assertive component (Percus 20...