introduction: gestational stress can lead to cerebral functional disorders, such as epilepsy, probably due to the disturbance in the cerebral maturation and causing abnormal neuronal correlations. in the present study, effect of gestational predator stress on the neonatal epileptic behaviors was investigated in rats. methods: female rats (200 ± 20 g) were divided into two groups intact pregnant...

The modeling investigation in this paper discusses the system level effects of a toxicant on a three species food chain system. In the models, we have assumed that the presence of top predator reduces the predatory ability of the intermediate predator. The stability analysis of the models is carried out and the sufficient conditions for the existence and extinction of the populations under the ...

Perinatal stress mediated through the mother can lead to long-term alterations in stress-related phenotypes in offspring. The capacity for adaptation to adversity in early life depends in part on the life history of the animal. This study was designed to examine the behavioral and neural response in adult offspring to prenatal exposure to predator odor: an ethologically-relevant psychological s...

BACKGROUND The role of glucocorticoids in extinction of traumatic memories has not been fully characterized despite its potential as a therapeutic target for acquired posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The predator stress paradigm allows us to determine whether glucocorticoids mediate the extinction of both context-dependent and context-independent fear memories. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice...

the modeling investigation in this paper discusses the system level effects of a toxicant on a three species food chain system. in the models, we have assumed that the presence of top predator reduces the predatory ability of the intermediate predator. the stability analysis of the models is carried out and the sufficient conditions for the existence and extinction of the populations under the ...

The never-ending tension between finding food and avoiding predators may be the most universal natural stressor wild animals experience. The 'chronic stress' hypothesis predicts: (i) an animal's stress profile will be a simultaneous function of food and predator pressures given the aforesaid tension; and (ii) these inseparable effects on physiology will produce inseparable effects on demography...

Predator-induced stress responses are thought to reduce an animal's risk of being eaten. Therefore, these stress responses should enhance anti-predator behaviour. We found that individual insects (the cricket Gryllus texensis) show reliable behavioural responses (i.e. behavioural types) in a plus-shaped maze. An individual's behaviour in the plus maze remained consistent for at least 1/2 of its...

Childhood emotional trauma contributes significantly to certain psychopathologies, such as post-traumatic stress disorder. In experimental animals, however, whether or not early-life stress results in behavioral abnormalities in adult animals still remains controversial. Here, we investigated both short-term and long-term changes of anxiety- and depression-like behaviors of Wistar rats after be...

The effects of ethanol exposure on Danio rerio have been studied from the perspectives of developmental biology and behavior. However, little is known about the effects of ethanol on the prey-predator relationship and chemical communication of predation risk. Here, we showed that visual contact with a predator triggers stress axis activation in zebrafish. We also observed a typical stress respo...

the modeling investigation in this paper discusses the system level effects of a toxicant on a three species food chain system. in the models, we have assumed that the presence of top predator reduces the predatory ability of the intermediate predator. the stability analysis of the models is carried out and the sufficient conditions for the existence and extinction of the populations under the ...