john gardner’s grendel is a celebrated example of the ontological postmodernist fiction. along with a discovery of self with which grendel the narrator of the novel is concerned, grand narratives such as philosophy are questioned. grendel denies the external objective reality and generously allows the legitimacy of fantastic and non-realistic methods by using “life-affirming fabulous art” as it...

the nocturnal harmony of wood orchestra, reza ghassemi’s first novel, is a rare example of iranian postmodernist novel. though the novel has a complicated structure, it is still well-crafted, readable and pleasing, a virtue that very often is not observed in persian postmodernist novels. the present study analyzes the novel in the light of such terms as metafiction, ontological ambiguity, short...

Houshang Golshiri is among the Iranian leading creative and imaginative fiction writers who managed to open up new horizons in Iranian fiction. Hence he could be claimed to be an innovative avant-garde short story writer with unique stylistic characteristics. Although inspired by fiction writers such as Alavi, Sadeqi, Golestan and Sa'edi in the techniques of narration, Golshiri nonetheless stan...

In this article, I explore the experiential texture of literary f ictionality and ontological blurrings, using Lance Olsen's multimodal works Theories Forgetting there's no place like time as case study texts. doing so, argue that while tropes such recursive narrative structure intrusion author into fiction are typically postmodernist, Olsen repurposes them part a contemporary pursuit real. Con...

The study focuses on the manifestation of main literary trends – postmodernism and post-postmodernism in novels contemporary American writer J. Franzen, which has determined purpose paper to identify, characterize analyze leading features new tendencies that have obtained original interpretation writer’s creative activity. article gives a brief overview philosophical, cultural criticism studies...

The advent of the modernist dream resulted in universalisation culture, which entails deliberate effort to abandon traditional ways life that foster difference and instead embracing national cultures bring different communities together. Colonialism Horn Africa, for instance, brought Cushitic under single political entities most them adopted Islam find a common ground. Other East Africa had con...