A new cubic phantom was designed to improve the efficiency on the QA measurement of accelerator. It has a variety of applications, such as dose constancy check, depth dose verifications, and symmetry and flatness evaluations. In particular, this new design makes it much easier to perform the check on output constancy vs. gantry angles as a cylindrical ion chamber positioned at the center of the...

The BQ-CHECK phantom (PTW Freiburg, Germany) has been designed to be used with a 2D ion chamber array to facilitate the quality assurance (QA) of electron and photon beam qualities (BQ). The BQ-CHECK phantom has three wedges covering the diagonal axes of the beam: two opposed aluminum wedges used to measure electron energy and a single copper wedge used to measure photon energy. The purpose of ...

We describe the design and use of a daily quality assurance (QA) system for proton therapy. The QA system is designed to check the overall readiness of proton therapy system consistently within certain reference tolerances by a home-made QA device (the QA device). The QA device is comprised of a commercially available QA device, rf-Daily QA 3, a home-made acrylic phantom, a set of acrylic compe...

Introduction: Quality assurance is essential for obtaining the best achievable tumor control, avoiding unnecessary side effects, accuracy and safety during performing High Dose Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy (BT). Quality assurance is extremely important because HDR BT procedures are performed quickly, with high doses given in a short time period, with little opportunity for correcti...

Medical Physics at CancerCare Manitoba has developed its own ultrasound phantom. The following table is intended as a quick reference guide when performing the quality assurance measurements. Instructions Limits Record Items Required ultrasound contrast-detail phantom degassed water or coupling gel paper towels for clean up (optional) lab stand and clamp to hold probe Physical check: 1. probe s...

Social innovation is recurrently positioned as an important collaborative element in helping cities to transition and address human needs societal challenges enhance the health, wellbeing, welfare of citizens. To a call for more sector-specific research on spatiality social innovation, also further understanding process dimension this article presents conceptual framework innovation. By combini...

The present study aims to explore the relationship between social loneliness and online interaction through WhatsApp addiction among a sample of Indian Fijian respondents. Based on responses 202 73 respondents, research validated mediating role addiction, revealing that increased possibility preferring interact addiction. empirical results showed underlying mechanism might indirectly influence ...

A positioning QA procedure for Varian's 2D/2D (kV/MV) and 3D/3D (planCT/CBCT) matching was developed. The procedure was to check: (1) the coincidence of on-board imager (OBI), portal imager (PI), and cone beam CT (CBCT)'s isocenters (digital graticules) to a linac's isocenter (to a pre-specified accuracy); (2) that the positioning difference detected by 2D/2D (kV/MV) and 3D/3D(planCT/CBCT) matc...