background : we need a defined population for determining prevalence and incidence of diseases, as well as conducting interventional, cohort and longitudinal studies, calculating correct and timely public health indicators, assessing actual health needs of community, performing educational programs and interventions to promote healthy lifestyle, and enhancing quality of primary health services....

Dairy products are colonized with three main classes of lactic acid bacteria (LAB): opportunistic bacteria, traditional starters, and industrial starters. Most of the population structure studies were previously performed with LAB species belonging to these three classes and give interesting knowledge about the population structure of LAB at the stage where they are already industrialized. Howe...

the lactic acid bacteria (lab) are an industrially important group of probiotic organisms that play an important role in human health by inhibiting harmful and pathogen bacteria growth, boosting immune function, and increasing resistance to infection.  this study aimed to isolate, identify, and biologically characterize probiotic lab strains from iranian traditional dairy products. a total of 2...

We introduce the Friends and Family study, a longitudinal living laboratory in a residential community. In this study, we employ a ubiquitous computing approach, Social Functional Mechanism-design and Relationship Imaging, or Social fMRI, that combines extremely rich data collection with the ability to conduct targeted experimental interventions with study populations. We present our mobile-pho...

The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are an industrially important group of probiotic organisms that play an important role in human health by inhibiting harmful and pathogen bacteria growth, boosting immune function, and increasing resistance to infection.  This study aimed to isolate, identify, and biologically characterize probiotic LAB strains from Iranian traditional dairy products. A ...

Threespine stickleback were used to examine phenotypic plasticity of telencephala in relation to inferred ecology. Fish from derived, allopatric, freshwater populations were sampled from three shallow, structurally complex lakes with benthic-foraging stickleback (benthics) and from three deep, structurally simple lakes with planktivores (limnetics). The telencephalon of specimens preserved imme...

The rapid identification of algae species is not only of practical importance when monitoring unwanted adverse effects such as eutrophication, but also when assessing the water quality of watersheds. Here, we demonstrate a lab-on-a-chip that functions as a compact robust tool for the fast screening, real-time monitoring, and initial classification of algae. The water-algae sample, flowing in a ...

Chemistry labs can become a dangerous environment for students as the lab exercises involve hazardous chemicals, glassware, and equipment. Approximately one hundred thousand students take chemistry laboratory classes annually in Nepal. We conducted a survey on chemical lab safety issues across Nepal. In this paper, we assess the safety policy and equipment, protocols and procedures followed, an...

introduction: the human being is part of its surrounding socio-economic framework. he is affected by the environment and actively affects it. ignoring the socio-economic dimensions of health leads to the failure of health promotion programs and widens the inequity in the health status of different groups in the society. the aim of this study is to identify the socio-economic and demographic sta...