BACKGROUND The popliteus tendon has important dynamic and static stabilizing functions at the knee. Evaluation of its static role as the "fifth ligament" of the knee and a subsequent analysis of a popliteus tendon reconstruction has not been performed. HYPOTHESIS In vitro knee stability can be restored to a popliteus tendon-deficient knee with an anatomic popliteus tendon reconstruction. ST...

injuries to the posterolateral corner (plc) comprise a significant portion of knee ligament injuries. a high index of suspicion is necessary when evaluating the injured knee to detect these sometimes occult injuries. moreover, a thorough physical examination and a comprehensive review of radiographic studies are necessary to identify these injuries. in this sense, stress radiographs can help to...

Multiple ligament-injured knees are a heterogeneous group of knee injuries that lack a clear consensus on optimal treatment. Current areas of controversy include optimal timing of surgery, ligamentous repair vs reconstruction, and combined vs staged procedures. In addition, multiple open, arthroscopic, and arthroscopic-assisted techniques exist for repair and reconstruction of the injured stabi...

BACKGROUND The individual biomechanical strength properties of the fibular collateral ligament, popliteofibular ligament, and popliteus tendon have not been well elucidated by previous studies. To define the necessary strength requirements for a posterolateral knee reconstruction, these properties for the main individual structures of the posterolateral knee need to be defined. HYPOTHESIS The...

Anatomic posterolateral corner reconstruction reproduces 3 main structures: the lateral collateral ligament, the popliteofibular ligament, and the popliteus tendon. The LaPrade technique reproduces all 3 main stabilizers. However, it requires a long graft, limiting its indication to clinical settings in which allograft tissue is available. We propose a surgical procedure that is a modification ...

The purpose of this study was to describe the anatomy and characterize the biomechanics of the posterolateral aspect of the canine knee. Ten adult canine knees were each used for anatomy and biomechanical testing. Distances and motion limits were measured using a 6 degree-of-freedom electromagnetic tracking system. Canine knee dissection reproducibly identified structures present in the human p...

BACKGROUND Quantitative descriptions of the attachment sites of the main posterolateral knee structures have not been performed. PURPOSE To qualitatively and quantitatively determine the anatomic attachment sites of these structures and their relationships to pertinent bony landmarks. STUDY TYPE Cadaveric study. METHODS Dissections were performed and measurements taken on 10 nonpaired fre...

BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction in the skeletally immature patient are becoming more common. The purpose of this study was to develop a reproducible anatomic ACL reconstruction technique, based on intra-articular and extra-articular landmarks, that reliably produces a femoral tunnel of adequate length and diameter while avoiding the distal femoral physis. ...

We evaluated two reconstruction techniques for a simulated posterolateral corner injury on ten pairs of cadaver knees. Specimens were mounted at 30° and 90° of knee flexion to record external rotation and varus movement. Instability was created by transversely sectioning the lateral collateral ligament at its midpoint and the popliteus tendon was released at the lateral femoral condyle. The lef...

The double popliteus tendon sign is seen on sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee as a low-signal-intensity band parallel to the popliteus tendon at the level of the popliteus hiatus. It is the result of a displaced complex flap tear of the lateral meniscus. This type of displaced meniscal tear can be easily missed on MRI, unless the clinician is aware of its existence and signi...