nowdays, democracy is become an universal value so that all intellectual tendencies should put it into their concerns. whether it accepts or not? the central value is caused a change in many political theories to democracy. it seems that one of most important these endeavors is concerned to practitioners of political philosophy that have attempted to revise negative attitudes of it. this articl...

The four articles that make up this symposium on Tariq Modood’s recent collection, Essays Secularism and Multiculturalism (2019), are based a public conversation research colloquium held at Utrecht University 18 February 2020. In the first article, Modood introduces with statement of his thinking over two decades subjects secularism multiculturalism. This is followed by responses Pooyan Tamimi ...

with the beginning of a new era of constitutional dimensions of iran's social and political environment changes, the formation of social and political forces in iran has been change. arrival and spread of western culture as a challenge to the intellectual tradition- political manifested, iranian muslims's among the jurists and religious forces seek to explain the progressive principle...

Humans are a coalitional, parochial species. Yet, extreme actions of solidarity are sometimes taken for distant or unrelated groups. What motivates people to become solidary with groups to which they do not belong originally? Here, we demonstrate that such distant solidarity can occur when the perceived treatment of an out-group clashes with one's political beliefs (e.g., for Leftists, oppressi...

cultural world is a network of presuppositions which is intuitively present behind the consciousness of iranian thinkers like an indisputable, unanalyzable, general background. this network of constructive rules forms the modern iranian political discourses which are studied in this paper in terms of progressivist, identity-seeking, and contemporary political discourses. each of the above polit...

Today, the role of government is considered so much precise regulations, foresight and initiative of the public sector in the economy can trigger market growth. But usually because the private sector activity is affected by interactions of the market and government, markets' development process is slow and governmental clubs have become a consumer of financial resources by their inefficient fun...