a serum survey was conducted to determine the immune status of children 2 months to 6 years old to polio virus type i, ii and iii related to the history of oral polio vaccination in fashapouye (a rural area in the south of teheran). 566 serum samples were obtained from children in 9 different villages and microneutra lization test was performed on 1;10 dilution of these sera. the study revealed...

The global incidence of poliomyelitis has dropped by more than 99 per cent since the governments of the world committed to eradication in 1988. One of the three serotypes of wild poliovirus has been eradicated and the remaining two serotypes are limited to just a small number of endemic regions. However, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) has faced a number of challenges in eradicat...

UNLABELLED Four cases of acute flaccid paralysis caused by slightly evolved (Sabin-like) vaccine polioviruses of serotype 2 were registered in July to August 2010 in an orphanage of Biysk (Altai Region, Russia). The Biysk cluster of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) had several uncommon, if not unique, features. (i) Until this outbreak, Sabin-like viruses (in distinction to more...

objective: as we are approaching the global eradication of wild poliovirus, laboratory surveillance of poliovirus by the gold standard cell culture method becomes increasingly important. as there is a lot of concern about accurate and sensitive detection of imported wild and vaccine derived polioviruses (vdpvs) in polio-free countries, in this study we assessed and compared the sensitivity of t...

During the post-eradication era of Global Polio Eradication, the role of supplementary virological surveillance of groups at risk for the disease increases. The goal of all types of surveillance is to detect possible wild poliovirus importation and evaluate vaccine-derived polioviruses circulation. The large outbreak of poliomyelitis caused by the wild poliovirus of type 1 in Tadjikistan and re...

WHO considers that environmental surveillance for wild-type polioviruses is potentially important for surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis as a means of confirming eradication of poliomyelitis. The present study investigated methods for detecting polioviruses in a variety of water environments in South Africa. Most polioviruses were isolated on L20B mouse cells, which, however, were not sel...

The combination of preventive vaccination and diagnostic typing of viral isolates from patients with clinical poliomyelitis constitutes our main protective shield against polioviruses. The restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) adaptation of the reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR methodology has advanced diagnostic genotyping of polioviruses, although further improvements are definitely ne...

References 1. Kew OM, Sutter RW, de Gourville EM, Dowdle WR, Pallansch MA. Vaccine-derived polioviruses and the endgame strategy for global polio eradication. Annu Rev Microbiol. 2005; 59:587–635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/ annurev.micro.58.030603.123625 2. World Health Organization. Supplement to the WHO polio laboratory manual. An alternative test algorithm for poliovirus isolation and charac...

3 E Programme on Immunization. EPI continued to see significant progress in the Western Pacific Region over the past year. There were important gains in maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination, with Viet Nam achieving elimination status in 2005. In addition, the Region continues to be free of poliomyelitis. The decision taken at the fifty-sixth session of the Regional Committee for the Wester...