today the image of a permanent skeletal space of cities affected by some forces or mechanisms is put in time with social-economic development and while imposes a new face and perspective to physical anatomy of cities, and prepares field to changes in content and social- economic structures of cities too. simultaneously with quitting villages in order to settle in cities by villagers, the phen...

nowadays,tourism industry considered as one of the main sources of income of a country.unfortunately and despite of owning plenty of cultural historical and natural attractions, iran has not reached to a proper position in this field. besides, the historical cities of a country are considered as the income resource and national wealth of it. qazvin with a rich cultural precedent, have suitable ...

Introduction: The impact of environmental conditions on public and mental health, has been proven in several studies. Meanwhile, the role of furniture and the enjoyment of urban spaces has been particularly noted by the interest of urban planners and health policymakers. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between statuses of urban furniture, the amount of urban space and...

Urban areas are the main centers of economic, social and political growth in any country and have proven themselves to be the most attractive places for wealth, work, creativity and innovation. But at the same time, these areas also face significant challenges in the areas of physical and environmental degradation, social deprivation, insecurity, unemployment, housing shortages, traffic, and ma...

Background & Aims of study: Hospital care and paramedical services has become one of the most important and problematic issues in the field of health and critical concern of health planners and policymakers. In current study, contribution of various paramedical services costs were extracted from the total household health expenditure. Materials and Methods: The current study is a descriptive s...