Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify and extract the implications of critical realism for science, technology and innovation policy-making as one of the later research traditions in social sciences. Nevertheless, its main focus, according to the different stages of the policy-making cycle and extent of its contributing factors, is on the stage of "policy evaluation". Methods: Thi...

â â â â  libya experienced a substantial increase in oil revenue as a result of increased oil prices during the period of the late 1970s and early 1980s, and again after 2000. recent increases in oil production and the price of oil, and their positive and negative macroeconomic impacts upon key macroeconomic variables, are of considerable contemporary importance to an oil dependent economy such...

This paper studies the growth and performance of foreign investment enterprises in developing countries in the context of global economic integration and domestic reform with a focus on Vietnam as a case study. A model of enterprise performance is constructed to provide empirical findings and evidence-based policy implications on the role of capital, investment, monetary and development pol...

Abstract After about a quarter century of countries having pursued deep regional integration through negotiating on trade agreements (RTAs), we observed number historical events that symbolize the curbing trend globalization in 2016. On June 24, 2016, people United Kingdom voted to leave European Union (EU) referendum. November 8, Mr. Donald Trump, who proposed “America First” policy and protec...

The UI bonus experiments were conceived just after unemployment in the United States had reached a post–World War II high. In 1982 and 1983, for example, the civilian unemployment rate was nearly 10 percent (Council of Economic Advisers 1999). During the 1960s, the unemployment rate averaged under 5 percent and during the 1970s, it averaged just over 6 percent. High unemployment, coupled with a...

This article focuses on intractable conflicts and how they are transformed. Specific attention is given to the kinds of questions raised by research on such conflicts as well as the policy implications of selected research efforts. Although we believe that in most cases reducing the intractability of conflicts is desirable, we also recognize that often one (or more) adversary believes that any ...

A fair number of social scientists, several journals such as the Journal of Economy and Philosophy, the Journal of Behavioral Economics, and the Journal of Economic Psychology, a new section of the American Economics Association, and several symposia (such as the one published by the Journal ofBusiness in 1086) are attempting to develop a new paradigm tha t will expand the range of sociological...