arabic and persian poems have numerous common points and poets of these two languages share the  same point in style, subject, structure and music of poetry. mahdi akhavan thaleth, famous iranian poet, and boland al-heidari, well-known iraqi poet,  are among poets who have many similarities in their works. as an example, there are some conceptual and verbal  similarities between qasedak and sae...

The modern American poet Elizabeth Bishop’s craftsmanship is fully shown in the keen, delicate observation, ingenious musicality, pure and accurate poetic diction, rich and vivid images in her poems. Filling Station is a poem depicting a decayed family-run station, unified by the pervasive presence of oil, and complete with filth and beauty, disorder and order, hope and decay, masculine and fem...

.................................................................................................................. 2 List of Figures ........................................................................................................... 5 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................... 6 List of abbreviations ...............

.................................................................................................................. 2 List of Figures ........................................................................................................... 5 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................... 6 List of abbreviations ...............

Musicality can be defined as a natural, spontaneously developing trait based on and constrained by biology and cognition. Music, by contrast, can be defined as a social and cultural construct based on that very musicality. One critical challenge is to delineate the constituent elements of musicality. What biological and cognitive mechanisms are essential for perceiving, appreciating and making ...

What was the role of music in the evolutionary history of human beings? We address this question from the point of view that musicality can be defined as a cognitive trait. Although it has been argued that we will never know how cognitive traits evolved (Lewontin, 1998), we argue that we may know the evolution of music by investigating the fundamental cognitive mechanisms of musicality, for exa...

Is the human tendency toward musicality better thought of as the product of a specific, evolved instinct or an acquired skill? Developmental and evolutionary arguments are considered, along with issues of domain-specificity. The article also considers the question of why humans might be consistently and intensely drawn to music if musicality is not in fact the product of a specifically evolved ...

Music can be seen as a model system for understanding gene × environment interactions and how these can influence neurocognitive development. The concept of musicality, however, is underspecified and not well understood. Here, I propose a framework for defining musicality to provide a foundation for studying the contributions of biological and environmental factors.

Introduction Preamble -Aesthetics | Poetry and Islam | Poetry and warlords | Poetry and Afghanistan -Poetry and Kazakhstan | Poetry and the Caucasus | Poetry and the Middle East -Poetic leadership | Poetic protest | Prosaic dialogue Indicative possibilities of reframing strategic engagement Clarification of Islamic views Improvisation in poetic debate -Poetic discourse as a lost art | Poetic en...