introduction air pollution has harmful effect on human health and the environment. accordingly, considerable effort has been put to analyze the air pollutants. one important issue is the spatial distribution of these pollutants. dispersion of the pollutants released from sources on the ground is mostly driven by the planetary boundary layer where turbulent flow causes mixing of the content of t...

The effects of compositional discontinuities of density and viscosity in the Earth's mantle on the ascent of mantle plume heads is studied using a boundary integral numerical technique. Three specific problems are considered: (1) a plume head rising away from a deformable interface, (2) a plume head passing through an.interface, and (3) a plume head approaching the surface of the Earth. For the...

We present simultaneous two-dimensional velocity and scalar concentrations measured on a central vertical plane in a turbulent plume. We use an edge-detection algorithm to determine the scalar plume edge, and compare the data obtained in both a fixed Eulerian frame and relative to local plume coordinates defined in terms of the instantaneous plume edge. We observe that the time-averaged distrib...

The plume dynamics in the presence of an ambient gas is very intriguing physics. The expansion of a laser-produced plasma in the presence of an ambient gas leads to internal plume structures, plume splitting, sharpening, confinement, etc. We investigated propagation dynamics of an expanding tin plume for various spot sizes using a fast visible plume imaging and Faraday cup diagnostic tools. Our...

The hypothesis that thermal plumes contribute to the Cenozoic magmatism in East Africa is now widely accepted. The controversy lies on how many plumes exist and where they may be located. In this study we show numerical experiments of mantle convection models for a number of thermal plume models and discuss the implications for the melt generation in East Africa. We investigate how the plume(s)...

Plume rise is a key variable in air quality modelling. The plume rise model implemented in CSIRO’s The Air Pollution Model (TAPM) was implemented in MATLAB, and the plume rise through modelled and observed boundary layers compared for an overnight strongly stable period. Contrary to expectations, the plume rise height was similar in the modelled and observed boundary layers despite a large diff...

A high-resolution coastal ocean model was developed to simulate the temporal/spatial variability of the Kennebec–Androscoggin (K–A) river plume and the circulation in Casco Bay. The model results agree favorably with the moored and shipboard observations of velocity, temperature, and salinity. The surface salinity gradient was used to distinguish the plume from the ambient coastal water. The ca...

the sources of groundwater pollution such as, industrial effluents, sewage and extensive farming have lead to agrochemical pollution. mathematical modeling helps to analyze the existing situation, allows forecasting, and to evaluate the effects of changes in the surrounding water quality. the present research has been focused mainly towards understanding the various processes affecting the tran...