avo theory was introduced around 20 years ago. in recent years, this technique was become to a major tool in hydrocarbon sources exploration. by the help of this method with the suitable understanding from underground layers and knowing how to use this technology, quantitative specifications of reservoir can be recognized. avo analysis is a seismic technique that by using of pre-stack data, est...

seismic coherency is a measure of lateral changes in acoustic impedance that are caused by variations in structure, stratigraphy, lithology, porosity, and fluid content. seismic coherency is a geometrical attribute that establishes temporal and lateral relationships with other attributes. seismic coherency can be defined by coherency attributes. when coherency attributes are applied to seismic ...

The high-frequency content observed in teleseisms recorded by seismometers can be produced either by the nonlinear behavior of seismometers and digitizers (Delorey et al. 2008; Hellweg et al. 2008) or by the real Earth response. The latter include scattering from small-scale heterogeneities during seismic wave propagation (e.g., Chen and Long 2000) and high-frequency radiations from the earthqu...

Seismic modeling aids the geophysicists to have a better understanding of the subsurface image before the seismic acquisition, processing, and interpretation. In this regard, seismic survey modeling is employed to make a model close to the real structure and to obtain very realistic synthetic seismic data. The objective of this study is to analyze the resolution and illumination of the fault by...

the radial trace transform was introduced by the stanford exploration project many years ago (ottolini, 1979 and claerbout, 1983), primarily for use in migration and imaging applications. it has been shown subsequently, because of its particular geometry, to be very useful for wavefield separation (claerbout, 1983) and coherent noise attenuation (henley, 1999). the radial trace transform, unlik...

in this paper some new applications of empirical mode decomposition (emd) and hilbert spectrum in seismic ground-roll attenuation, random noise attenuation and spectral decomposition are introduced. hilbert spectrum is a time-frequency representation for hilbert-huang transform which is obtained by combination of instantaneous frequency (if) concept and intrinsic mode function of empirical mode...

In the February 1991 issue of GEOPHYSICS, Anton Ziolkowski gives a scathing criticism of statistical wavelet estimation methods. Among other points, Ziolkowski questions the validity of the randomness assumption. This assumption allows statistical methods to estimate the seismic source wavelet autocorrelation from the seismic trace autocorrelation. In this study, we examine this traditional ass...

Well-seismic ties allow rock properties measured at well locations to be compared to seismic data, and therefore are useful for seismic interpretation. Numerous methods have been proposed to compute well-seismic ties by correlating real seismograms with synthetic seismograms computed from velocity and density logs. However, most methods tie multiple wells to seismic data one-by-one, and therefo...

Seismic waves are non-stationary due to its propagation through the earth. Time-frequency transforms are suitable tools for analyzing non-stationary seismic signals. Spectral decomposition can reveal the non-stationary characteristics which cannot be easily observed in the time or frequency representation alone. Various types of spectral decomposition methods have been introduced by some resear...

Hydrogeological and Geochemical Characterization Both surface and crosshole tomographic geophysical data have been used in the saprolite and carbonate gravel (Areas 3 and 2, respectively) to delineate large scale geologic structure, nitrate plume boundaries, and localscale fracture zonation. Surface electri seismic data were originally used in a reconnaissance mode to choose the location for th...