sixteen isolates of colletotrichum were collected from leaves with anthracnose symptoms or leaf spots of twelve wild, cultivated and ornamental plant species from the guilan, mazandaran, and golestan provinces in northern iran. five different species, including c. aenigma, c. gigasporum, c. godetiae, c. karstii, and c. musae were identified based on the dna sequence data (tub2, gs, gapdh). four...

pollen morphology of some species of the genus malus (rosaceae) was investigatedtaxonomically. all species are characteristic by tricolpate pollens. exine sculpturing is variable but is mostlystriate. however, species may differ in degree of density of ridges and their orientation. the exine patterns inm. trilobata and m. florentina are very similar and were characterized by short and very bran...

As plant biologists enter a new era in which comparative genomics promises to address fundamental questions in botany, such as unraveling metabolic and regulatory networks, the inestimable value and usefulness of robust systematic studies quickly become clear. In simplest terms, systematic studies can indicate which genomes in the plant kingdom to search, sample, and study for the answers to qu...

In the historical context of plant systematics over the last 50 years, systematics is examined in terms of where it is now, where it is headed, where it should be, and how it should get there. Issues and concerns of the past decades are still with us today. Molecular systematics has become the over-arching field in systematics, but each of eight other areas (genome, chromosomes, morphology and ...