Introduction: Assimilation has been called upon in numerous occasions to explain various petrologic and geochemical observations of the igneous rocks on the Moon. A well known example is the assimilation of ilmenite-bearing late cumulates (and KREEP) to the low Ti primary magmas at shallow levels, that has been used to explain the high Ti magmas observed on the lunar surface [1]-[3]. An alterna...

Introduction: Prior to the discovery of H2O dissolved in the picritic lunar glass beads [1], models for the eruption of lunar picritic magmas involved both a column of melt extending deep into the lunar mantle, and a gas-assisted lift of the magma to achieve explosive eruption [2,3,4,5]. In a H-free moon, first gas phase formation would have involved the oxidation of reduced C (graphite) to pro...

the forumad ophiolite in the northwestern part of the sabzevar region has embraced the largedepleted harzburgites and dunitic bodies associated with podiform chromitites. in some deposits, chromitegrains have segregated as nodules. the stretched shape along with high cr2o3 and tio2 contents are thecharacteristics of the nodules. compared to the other tethyan nodular chromites, the forumad nodul...

The Accessible Silicate Earth (ASE) has a higher Nd/Nd ratio than most chondrites. Thus, if the Earth is assumed to have formed from these chondrites, a complement low-Nd/Nd reservoir is needed. Such a lowNd/Nd reservoir is believed to have been derived from a melt in the early Earth and is called the Early Enriched Reservoir (EER). Although the major element composition of the EER is crucial f...

Precise Fe/Mn ratios and MnO contents have been determined for basalts from the Hawaiian shields of Ko’olau and Kilauea by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. It is well known that the youngest Ko’olau (Makapu’u-stage) shield lavas define a geochemical endmember for Hawaiian lavas in terms of CaO and SiO2 contents and isotopic ratios of O, Sr, Nd, Hf, Pb, and Os. We find that their Mn...

S U M M A R Y We investigate the crust and uppermost mantle velocity structure beneath the Laccadive Island through the inversion of teleseismic receiver functions following the neighbourhood algorithm. The velocity structure suggests that the 16-km thick-oceanic crust is underplated by 8-km thick high-velocity layer (Vs ∼ 4.25–4.4 km s−1; Vp ∼ 7.35–7.6 km s−1). The uppermost mantle shear veloc...

The Tissint meteorite, a picritic shergottite, fell to Earth in Morocco on the 18th of July 2011, and is only the fifth Martian meteorite witnessed to fall. Hydrogen isotope ratios and water contents are variable within different minerals in Tissint. Ringwoodite and shock melt pockets contain elevated D/H ratios relative to terrestrial values (dD = 761–4224‰). These high ratios in recrystallize...

We model the ascent and eruption of lunar mare basalt magmas with new data on crustal thickness and density (GRAIL), magma properties, and surface topography, morphology and structure (Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter). GRAIL recently measured the broad spatial variation of the bulk density structure of the crust of the Moon. Comparing this with the densities of lunar basaltic and picritic magmas s...

48 We model the ascent and eruption of lunar mare basalt magmas with new data on crustal 49 thickness and density (GRAIL), magma properties, and surface topography, morphology and 50 structure (Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter). GRAIL recently measured the broad spatial variation 51 of the bulk density structure of the crust of the Moon. Comparing this with the densities of lunar 52 basaltic and pi...