Geomorphological landforms are generally viewed as Boolean objects. However, recent studies have shown that landforms are more suitable to be viewed as fuzzy objects, whereby a landform is defined as a region in the continuum of variation of the surface of the earth. In this paper, the fuzzy classification of physiographic features extracted from multiscale DEMs is performed. First, the lifting...

A conceptual scheme for the interpretation of physiographic regions, developed in an earlier effort, is formalized and programmed in Smart Elements resulting into a prototype knowledge-based expert system for physiographic reasoning, named TAX-4 (Terrain Analysis eXpert 4). An object-oriented model involving class-subclass hierarchies was formalized for the representation of factual and structu...

The Relationship between wildfire areas and physiographic features in the Zagros vegetation area, Kermanshah province

Key to understanding the implications of climate and land use change on biodiversity and natural resources is to incorporate the physiographic platform on which changes in ecological systems unfold. Here, we advance a detailed classification and high-resolution map of physiography, built by combining landforms and lithology (soil parent material) at multiple spatial scales. We used only relativ...

Spatio-temporal patterns of temperature in mountain environments are complex due to both regional synoptic-scale and landscape-scale physiographic controls in these systems. Understanding the nature and magnitude of these physiographic effects has practical and theoretical implications for the development of temperature datasets used in ecosystem assessment and climate change impact studies in ...