there are many indices for measuring property rights (pr) security. they may be classified into two groups: subjective proxies and objective proxies. most of the proxies are subjective. one contribution of this paper is introducing a new approach for measuring government expenditures devoted to pr protection. calculating physical capital within the introduced new approach is another contributio...

The relationship between physical capital. human capital and the distribution of turnings is examined empirically using cross-sectional microdata within SklSAs. Comprtrarive advantage in workers and a scale-of-resources effect among firms is predicted to lead to a rel~ti~)n~hip between capital and earnings. The level of earnings is found to be positively related to capital intensity and nrgntiv...

Considering necessity of recognizing the knowledge-based economy and achieving its foundations in Iran, the main issue of this research is to clarify the relationship between intellectual capital and Refined EVA in insurance companies which are member of Tehran Stock Exchange. In this research, the Refined EVA index was used to evaluate and measure the intellectual capital of the Palick model a...

goal: consequences of social capital in recent years has been much attention, however, little research has been about its relationship to job satisfaction. the main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between social capital and job satisfaction of teachers of physical education of hamedan province. method: this research uses descriptive - correlational questionnaire was co...

the authors examine the effects of government expenditure on economic growth in iran, using annual data for the period of 1973-2003. in this paper, they lookat the offects of human, physical capital, and government budget on gdp. in the model developed in this paper, accumulation of human capital is dependent on physical. human capital, and government budget as well. the result indicate that go...

This paper investigates venture capitalists' monitoring of managerial behaviour by examining their impact on CEO pay-performance sensitivity across various controlling structures in Chinese firms. We find that the effectiveness of venture capitalists' monitoring depends on different types of agency conflict. In particular, we find that venture capital (VC) monitoring is hampered in firms that e...