C-phycocyanin, which is a major biliprotein of the blue-green algae, has been shown to possess cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory activity. We have studied the effect of phycocyanin on a rat histiocytic tumor line. AK-5 cells are induced into apoptotic death program when treated with phycocyanin, which involves the activation of caspase-3. Phycocyanin-mediated apoptotic death is induced through the ge...

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the most lethal human malignancies, and unresponsive to current chemotherapies. Here we investigate the therapeutic potential of phycocyanin as an anti-PDA agent in vivo and in vitro. Phycocyanin, a natural product purified from Spirulina, effectively inhibits the pancreatic cancer cell proliferation in vitro and xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Phycocya...

Phycocyanin isolated from marine organisms has the characteristics of high efficiency and low toxicity, and it can be used as a functional food. It has been reported that phycocyanin has anti-oxidative function, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-cancer function, immune enhancement function, liver and kidney protection pharmacological effects. Thus, phycocyanin has an important development and ut...

The cyanobacterial phycobilisome is a large protein complex located on the photosynthetic membrane. It harvests light energy and transfers it to chlorophyll for use in photosynthesis. Phycobilisome assembly mutants in the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain 6701 have been characterized. One such mutant, UV16, contains a defect in the assembly of the biliprotein phycocyanin. We r...

A method for stably purifying a functional dye, phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis was developed by a hexane extraction process combined with high pressure. This was necessary because this dye is known to be very unstable during normal extraction processes. The purification yield of this method was estimated as 10.2%, whose value is 3%-5% higher than is the case from another conventional sep...

The blue-green alga, Anacystis nidulans, was grown in lights of different colors and intensities, and its absorption and fluorescence properties were studied. Strong orange light, absorbed mainly by phycocyanin, causes reduction in the ratio of phycocyanin to chlorophyll a; strong red light, absorbed mainly by chlorophyll, causes an increase in this ratio. This confirms the earlier findings of ...

Strain 4R is a phycocyanin-minus mutant of the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain 6803. Although it lacks the light-harvesting protein phycocyanin, 4R has normal levels of phycocyanin (cpc) transcripts. Sequence analysis of the cpcB gene encoding the phycocyanin beta subunit shows an insertion mutation in 4R that causes early termination of translation. Other work has shown tha...

Phycocyanin is an important component of the phycobilisome, which is the principal light-harvesting complex in cyanobacteria. The covalent attachment of the phycocyanobilin chromophore to phycocyanin is catalyzed by the enzyme phycocyanin lyase. The photosynthetic properties and phycobilisome assembly state were characterized in wild type and two mutants which lack holo-α-phycocyanin. Insertion...

A number of drying methods studied for the processing of Spirulina (crossflow dried, spray dried and oven dried) resulted in approximately 50% loss of phycocyanin. Therefore fresh biomass was suitable for phycocyanin extraction. Of the extraction methods tested, freezing and thawing of cells, homogenisation using a mortar and pestle in the presence of abrasive material and homogenisation using ...

The anti-inflammatory effect of c-phycocyanin extract was studied in acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Phycocyanin (150, 200 and 300 mg kg-1 p.o.) was administered 30 min before induction of colitis with enema of 1 ml of 4% acetic acid per rat. Twenty-four hours later myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was determined as well as histopathological and ultrastructural studies were carried out in co...