background: this study investigated the effects of some important meteorological parameters and filler type compounds on phytotoxicity of captan in peach trees in the north of iran. captan is a phthalimide fungicide which has frequently been used in northern regions of iran to control certain plant diseases. this fungicide has caused intense phytotoxicity in peach trees which was first observed...

The title compound, C(14)H(19)NO(4)S, was obtained in quanti-tative yield by Lewis acid-catalysed alcoholysis of a phtalimide precursor. An intra-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs. In the crystal, centrosymmetric dimers are formed by pairs of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the sulfinyl O atoms and the carbamoyl N-H group of a neighboring mol-ecule. C-H⋯O inter-actions feature in the crystal st...

In the title compound, C(14)H(10)N(2)O(2), the phtalimide and 2-pyridylmethyl units are almost perpendicular, with an inter-planar angle of 85.74 (2)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by weak C-H⋯O inter-actions, forming chains running along the b axis. The packing is further stabilized by offset π-π inter-actions between adjacent pyridine rings, with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.855...

In this review article, we show that occurrence of fungicide resistance is one of the most important issues in modern agriculture. Fungicide resistance may be due to mutations of genes encoding fungicide targets (qualitative fungicide resistance) or to different mechanisms that are induced by sub-lethal fungicide stress. These mechanisms result in different and varying levels of resistance (qua...

Literature describes kinetics of reactions of alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids, amines and amides with oxiranes such as ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. However, there is no information regarding kinetic of reaction of imides with oxiranes. In this article the kinetics of the reaction of cyclic monoimides: succinimide, phtalimide, and glutarimide, with ethylene and propylene oxides in pre...

Fungicide resistance in dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa is a common problem on golf courses in North America (Figure 1) (2), and managing fungicide resistance is a complex and controversial topic (1,4). With dollar spot, the question of whether to use the same fungicide until resistance develops or to rotate different chemistries and tank mixtures has not been defi nitively answer...

The identification of fungicide residues on crop foliage is necessary to make periodic pest management decisions. The determination of fungicide residue identities currently is difficult and time consuming using conventional chemical analysis methods such as gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Different fungicide types produce unique electronic aroma signature patterns when headspace volatile...

The State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) is the largest producer of oat in Brazil with the aid of consolidated breeding programs, which are constantly releasing new cultivars. The main objectives of this study were to: 1) evaluate the annual genetic progress in grain yield and hectoliter weight of the oat cultivars in RS, with and without fungicide use on aerial parts of plants; and 2) evaluate the ...