: optical separate spatial dark and bright soliton pairs in steady-state case in one dimension, for a series circuit consisting of two-photon photorefractive (pr) crystal are investigated. each crystal can be supported the spatial soliton, and at least one must be photovoltaic. the two solitons are known collectively as separate spatial soliton pairs with dark–dark, bright–dark and bright–brigh...

Two simple schemes for generating macroscopic smany-photond continuous-variable entangled states by means of continuous interactions srather than collisionsd between solitons in optical fibers are proposed. First, quantum fluctuations around two time-separated single-component temporal solitons are considered. Almost perfect correlation between the photon-number fluctuations can be achieved aft...

At very high radiation field intensities in vacuum, Maxwell equations need to be modified to account for the QED photon-photon interaction. We show that such modified equations support nondiffracting spatial radiation solitons that propagate for very long distances without changing their shapes. These solitons, and the underlying self-focusing and instability effects, should be observable in th...

We report experimental studies of spatial optical solitons in a nonlinear glass waveguide. Spatial solitons are self-trapped beams that propagate without diffraction. We demonstrate the formation of spatial solitons, and we investigate interactions between them. At high intensities two-photon absorption is observed to lead to the breakup of solitons. A beam propagation method is used to simulat...

Quantum correlations in pairs and arrays (trains) of bound solitons modeled by the complex GinzburgLandau equation (CGLE) are calculated numerically, on the basis of linearized equations for quantum fluctuations. We find strong correlations between the bound solitons, even though the system is dissipative. Some degree of the correlation between the photon-number fluctuations of stable bound sol...

We have studied the formation of relativistic solitary waves due to nonlinearinteraction of strong electromagnetic wave with the plasma wave. Here, our plasma isrelativistic both in temperature and in streaming speed. A set of equations consisting ofscalar and vector potentials together with a third order equation for the enthalpy inphoton gas plasma is obtained analytic...

Criteria for experimental observation of multi-dimensional optical solitons in media with saturable refractive nonlinearities are developed. The criteria are applied to actual material parameters (characterizing the cubic self-focusing and quintic self-defocusing nonlinearities, two-photon loss, and optical-damage threshold) for various glasses. This way, we identify operation windows for solit...

For the first time a method for realizing macroscopic quantum optical solitons is presented. Simultaneous photon-number and momentum squeezing is predicted using soliton propagation in an interferometer. Extraction of soliton pulses closer to true quantum solitons than their coherent counterparts from mode-locked lasers is possible. Moreover, it is a general method of reducing photon-number flu...

We show that broad-area cascade lasers with no absorbing intracavity elements support the spontaneous formation of two-dimensional bright localized structures in a dark background. These cavity solitons consist of islands of two-photon emission embedded in a background of single-photon emission. We discuss the mechanisms through which these structures are formed and interact, along with their p...

It is shown that two-photon absorption does not always place a fundamental limitation on soliton devices: The steering angle, the key characteristic of switching devices based on the propagation of dark spatial solitons, is almost preserved as the intensity of the background wave decays in the presence of weak two-photon absorption.