Bovine leukocyte antigens (BoLA) are extensively used as markers for bovine disease and immunological traits. However, none of the BoLA genes in Southeast Asian breeds have been characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence-based typing (SBT). Therefore, we sequenced exon 2 of the BoLA class II DRB3 gene from 1120 individual cows belonging to the Holstein, Sahiwal, Simbrah, Jersey, ...

This paper analyzes the Philippine electric power industry. First, it gives a brief history of the industry. Second, it assesses the interaction between the electric power industry and the Philippine economy. Third, it describes the structure of the industry as well as its major players. Fourth, it examines the industry’s legal and regulatory framework. And fifth, it discusses the problems and ...

Automated syntactic parsing of Philippine languages could be foundational to future machine translation systems. Rule based systems for Philippine languages have typically not reached a level of wide coverage of language phenomena. The syntax parsing system described here uses the PAWS (Parser and Writer of Syntax) expert system to generate phrase structure rules. After customized rules common ...

An overview of the history of myrmecology in the Philippine archipelago is presented. Keys are provided to the 11 ant subfamilies and the 92 ant genera known from the Philippines. Eleven ant genera (12%), including 3 undescribed genera, are recorded for the first time from the Philippines. The biology and ecology of the 92 genera, illustrated by full-face and profile photo-images, of Philippine...

Maria Theresa Redaniel, Adriano Laudico 3, , Maria Rica Mirasol-Lumague, Adam Gondos, Gemma Uy, Hermann Brenner Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany Manila Cancer Registry, Philippine Cancer Society, Manila, Philippines Department of Surgery, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines-Manila, Manila, Philippines...

Establishment of conservation priorities for primates is a particular concern in the island archipelagos of Southeast Asia, where rates of habitat destruction are among the highest in the world. Conservation programs require knowledge of taxonomic diversity to ensure success. The Philippine tarsier is a flagship species that promotes environmental awareness and a thriving ecotourism economy in ...

The Philippine "negrito" groups comprise a diverse group of populations speaking over 30 different languages, who are spread all over the archipelago, mostly in marginal areas of Luzon Island in the north, the central Visayas islands, and Mindanao in the south. They exhibit physical characteristics that are different from more than 100 Philippine ethnolinguistic groups that are categorized as n...

José Rizal (1861-1896) is one of the most revered figures in Philippine history. He was a multifaceted intellectual and a political activist, best known for his political writings that inspired the Philippine revolution and ultimately led to his execution by the Spanish colonizers. Rizal was also a physician who trained in ophthalmology under 2 prominent European ophthalmologists, Louis de Weck...

The present study tested the assumption of a positive and linear relation between years of schooling and school learning in the Philippine setting. It replicated a 1976 study that had cast doubt on this assumption in the Philippine public educational system. It tested three competing hypotheses for that finding: common sense, the 1976 arrested development hypothesis, and the alternative acceler...

The problem of overexploitation in global fisheries is well-recognized. However, published assessment of fisheries spatio-temporal trends at the national scale is lacking for many high biodiversity developing countries, which is problematic since fisheries management is often implemented at the local or national levels. Here, we present the long-term spatio-temporal trends of Philippine fisheri...