background and objectives: pharmaceutical expenditures are responsible for a major part of health systems’ cost. according to the who’s statistics, iran is the first among the 20 countries in the world in terms of drug consumption. the first step in controlling consumption of a particular good is to identify factor inducing the relevant demands. hence, this study aimed to identify the pattern a...

Life expectancy is a common measure of population health. Macro-perspective based on aggregated data makes it possible to approximate the impact of different levels of pharmaceutical expenditure on general population health status and is often used in cross-country comparisons. The aim of the study was to determine whether there are long-run relations between life expectancy, total healthcare e...

OBJECTIVES Pharmaceutical policies have become paramount in China and other countries of the Asia-Pacific region because of rapidly rising expenditures on drugs. The problems are especially acute in China because expenditures on drugs are typically so large. This article intends to review effects of the policy of drug expenditure containment with primary reference to China, and it proposes some...

Pharmacoeconomics is defined as the science of identifying and comparing costs and the consequences of drug therapy in health care programs. As a sub-discipline of health economics, pharmacoeconomics, is fairly a new research discipline in the world which has come about mainly in response to economic pressures on health systems. The root of this pressure lies in the mismatch of enhanced demand ...

BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) causes most deaths in the United States and accounts for the highest healthcare spending. The association between the modifiable risk factors (MRFs) of ASCVD and pharmaceutical expenditures are largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined the association between MRFs and pharmaceutical expenditures among adults with ASCVD using the...

OBJECTIVES As the Target Project of Tuscany Region is aimed to identify significant changes occurring during the time of the project compared to the previous years, we have analyzed antifracture drugs consumption in the years immediately preceding the start-up of the program. METHODS We have analyzed the regional administrative database to search for antifracture drugs delivered by the region...

I n France, as in the majority of European countries, pharmaceutical expenditures are continuously increasing. Between 2005 and 2010, expenditures rose by 12.3%, increasing from 30.7 to 34.4 billion Euros1. This regular increase in pharmaceutical spending prompted the public authorities to implement a series of measures aimed at either reducing the use of drugs or reducing its cost. Increasing ...

AIM To review pharmaceutical price regulation methods in countries of the European Union (EU), in terms of the anticipated impact of regulation on pharmaceutical expenditures and evidence of actual outcomes. METHOD An extensive search was performed of medical and economic studies on regulatory interventions specifically targeting pharmaceutical prices in EU countries, published between Januar...

Aim. To review pharmaceutical price regulation methods in countries of the European Union (EU), in terms of the anticipated impact of regulation on pharmaceutical expenditures and evidence of actual outcomes. Methods. An extensive search was performed of medical and economic studies on regulatory interventions specifically targeting pharmaceutical prices in EU countries, published between Janua...

This paper is an in depth analysis of the influence that investment into research and development has on a firm’s profitability in the pharmaceutical industry in the United States. The pharmaceutical industry is chosen due to its high intensity of research and development expenditures. The top 16 companies in the pharmaceutical industry are analyzed through regression analysis. The argument mad...